Dictionary
An American Dictionary of the English Language
Revised and enlarged (Goodrich & Porter)
Springfield, Mass. · G. & C. Merriam · 1865
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Look up a word as the writers of the time used it.
Ẽrsh, n. p. 462Stubble of grain. [Written also earsh.] [Prov. Eng.]Erst, adv. p. 462First; at first; at the beginning. 2. In early times; once; formerly; long ago.Erst-while', adv. p. 462Till then or now; formerly. [Obs.]Ēr'/u-bēs'cence or Ēr'/u-bēs'cen-cy, n. p. 462The act of becoming red; redness of the skin or surface of any thing; a blushing.Ĕr/ū-bēs'cent, a. p. 462Red, or reddish; blushing. Johnson.E-rŭ'ēă, n. p. 462(Entom.) An insect in the larval state; a worm; a caterpillar; a larve. 2. (Bot.) A genus of plants, including the rocket. 3. (Conch.) A genus of univalve mollusks. Swainson.E-rŭct’ or E-rŭc’tāte, v. t. p. 462To eject, as wind, from the stomach; to belch. [Rare.] Howell.Er/uc-tā'tion, n. p. 462The act of belching wind from the stomach; a belch. 2. A violent bursting forth or ejection, as of wind or other matter from the earth.E-rŭ'di-ate, v. t. p. 463To instruct; to educate; to teach. [Obs.] The skillful goddess there erudiates these In all she did. Fanshaw.Ĕr’u-dite, a. p. 463Characterized by extensive reading or knowledge; well instructed; learned. “Erudite and metaphysical theology.” I. Taylor.Ĕr'u-dīte'ly, adv. p. 463With erudition or learning.Er'ū-dite'ness, n. p. 463The state or quality of being erudite or learned.Er'u-di'tion, n. p. 463The state of being erudite or learned; the acquisitions gained by extensive reading or study; particularly, learning in literature, as distinct from the sciences, as in history, antiquity, and…Er'u-gate, a. p. 463Freed from wrinkles; smooth.E-rūʹgi·noŭs, a. p. 463Partaking of the substance or nature of copper, or the rust of copper; resembling rust.E-rūn'dă, n. p. 463The seed of the castor-oil plant;— so called in the East. Simmonds.E-rŭpt', v. i. p. 463To burst forth. [Obs.]E-rŭp'tion, n. p. 463The act of breaking or bursting forth, as from inclosure or confinement; that which bursts forth in a sudden or violent manner; as, an eruption of lava from a volcano; an eruption of armed men. All…E-rŭp'tive, a. p. 463Breaking or bursting forth. The sudden glance Appears far south eruptive through the cloud. Thomson. 2. Attended with eruption or efflorescence, or producing it; as, an eruptive fever. 3. (Geol.)…Er'vum, n. p. 463(Bot.) A genus of leguminous plants, one species of which is the lentil (E. lens), the fruit of which is highly valued in Eastern countries as an article of food.E-ryn'gĭ-um, n. p. 463[Lat. eryngium, erynge, Gr.E-rўn'go p. 463ἠρύγγιον, dim. of ἤρυγγος. (Bot.) A genus of plants somewhat like thistles in appearance. E. maritimum, or sea-holly, has been highly esteemed as an aphrodisiac, the roots being formerly candied.E-rȳs'i-mum, n. p. 463(Bot.) A genus of cruciferous plants, including the hedge-mustard.Ĕr'y-sĭp'e-las, n. p. 463(Med.) St. Anthony's fire; a febrile disease accompanied with a diffused inflammation of the skin, which, starting usually from a single point, spreads gradually over its surface.Ĕr'y-si-pĕl'a-toid, a. p. 463Resembling erysipelas.Er'y-si-pĕl'a-tōus or Er'y-sip'e-lous, a. p. 463Eruptive; resembling erysipelas, or partaking of its nature.Er'y-thē'mā, n. p. 463(Med.) A disease of the skin, in which a diffused inflammation forms rose-colored patches of variable size.Ĕr′y-the-măt′ic, a. p. 463Characterized by, or causing, a morbid redness of the skin; relating to erythema.Er'y-thre'ă, n. p. 463(Bot.) A genus of low, branching, annual plants; centaury; — so called from the red color of the flowers. Gray.E-rȳth'rine, n. p. 463(Chem.) One of a series of substances obtained from the lichen, Rocella tinctoria. Brande.E-rȳth'ro-gen, n. p. 463(Chem.) A crystalline, fatty substance obtained from diseased bile;—so called from the reddish or purple color of some of its compounds.E-ry̆th'ro-lē'ic, a. p. 463(Chem.) Having a red color and oily appearance;—applied to an acid obtained from archil.E-ry̆th'ro-lē'ĭne, n. p. 463(Chem.) A substance obtained from litmus.E-ry̆th'ro-lĭt'mĭne, n. p. 463(Chem.) A substance obtained from litmus; — so called from its red color.Ĕr'y-thrō'ni-ŭm, n. p. 463(Bot.) A genus of plants, including the dog's-tooth violet;— so called from the red flowers and leaves of some species. 2. The metal vanadium;— so called from the red color of certain of its acids.Ĕr'y-thrŏph'y-līne or Ĕr'y-thro-phy'line, n. p. 463(Chem.) The substance to which the red color of leaves in autumn is due.Ĕr'y-thrī'na, n. p. 463(Bot.) A genus of leguminous plants growing in the tropics; coral-tree; — so called from its red flowers.E'ryx, n. p. 463(Zöol.) A genus of serpents having a short, obtuse tail, with a single series of subcaudal scales or plates. [Written also erix.] Brande.Es'ca-lāde', n. p. 463(Mil.) A furious attack made by troops on a fortified place, in which ladders are used to pass a ditch or mount a rampart. Sin enters, not by escalade, but by cunning or treachery. Buckminster.Es'ca-lāde', v. t. p. 463(Mil.) To mount and pass or enter by means of ladders; to scale; as, to escalade a wall.Es-cal'op, n. p. 463(Conch.) A bivalve shell, of the genus Pecten, whose form is nearly that of a circle, with one straight side, as the hinge side, and whose face is usually marked with ribs, radiating from the hinge…Es-căl'oped, a. p. 463Cut or marked in the form of an escalop; scolloped. 2. (Her.) Covered with waving lines, or with indented borders overlapping; — said of an escutcheon.Es-cām'bi-o, n. p. 463(Eng. Law.) A license in the shape of a writ, formerly granted to an English merchant, to draw a bill of exchange on another in foreign parts. [Obs.] Burrill.Es-cāp'a-ble, a. p. 463Capable of being avoided; avoidable.Ĕs'ca-pāde', n. p. 463The fling of a horse, or ordinary kicking back of his heels. 2. An impropriety of speech or behavior of which an individual is unconscious. A crowning escapade of his, the first and last of the kind.…Es-cāpe', v. t. p. 463To flee from and avoid; to get out of the way of; to shun; to obtain security from; as, to escape danger. “Sailors that escaped the wreck.” Shak. 2. To avoid the notice of; to pass unobserved by; to…Es-cāpe', v. i. p. 463To flee, and become secure from danger; to hasten away; to avoid danger or injury. Such heretics ... would have thought fortunate, if they escaped with life. Macaulay. 2. To be passed without harm…Es-cāpe′, n. p. 463The act of fleeing from danger, of evading harm, or of avoiding notice; deliverance from injury or restraint; as, an escape in battle; a narrow escape. I would hasten my escape from the windy storm.…Es-cāpe'ment, n. p. 463The act of escaping; escape. [Rare.] 2. The contrivance in a time-piece which connects the train of wheel-work with the pendulum or balance, giving to the latter the impulse by which it is kept in…Es-cär'bun-cle, n. p. 463(Her.) A precious stone; the carbuncle.Es-căr'/ga-toire/, n. p. 463A nursery of snails. [Obs.] Addison.Es-cärp', n. p. 463(Fort.) Any thing high and precipitous; the side of the ditch next the parapet. See SCARP.Es-cärp', v. t. p. 463(Mil.) To make into, or furnish with, a steep slope, as that of an escarp. Carleton.Es-cārp'ment, n. p. 463A steep descent or declivity; a precipitous side of any hill or rock. Whewell.Ĕsch'a-lŏt', n. p. 463(Bot.) A species of small onion or garlic, the Allium Ascalonicum. See SHALLOT.Es'chār, n. p. 463(Surg.) A dry slough, crust, or scab, which separates from the healthy part of the body, as that produced by a burn, or the application of caustics.Ēs'ehă-ră, n. p. 463(Zoöl.) A group of coral-making mollusks, of the order Bryozoa: the coral is in the form of delicate branches or net-work. Dana.Es'cha-rōt'ic, a. p. 463Serving or tending to form an eschar; producing a scar; caustic.Es'cha-rōt'ie, n. p. 463(Med.) A substance which produces an eschar; a caustic.Ĕs'cha-tŏl'o-gy, n. p. 463The doctrine of the last or final things, as death, judgment, and the events therewith connected.