Dictionary
An American Dictionary of the English Language
Revised and enlarged (Goodrich & Porter)
Springfield, Mass. · G. & C. Merriam · 1865
- Entries
- 95,912
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- 2,133
Look up a word as the writers of the time used it.
Sū'mach p. 1325(Bot.) A plant or shrub of the genus Rhus, of many species, some of which are used in tanning, some in dyeing, and some in medicine. 2. The powdered leaves, peduncles, and young branches, of certain…Sŭm'less, a. p. 1325Not to be summed or computed; so great that the amount can not be ascertained; incalculable; inestimable. “The sumless treasure of exhausted mines.” Pope.Sūm'ma-ri-ly, adv. p. 1325In a summary manner; briefly; concisely; in a narrow compass, or in few words; as, the Lord's Prayer teaches us summarily the things we are to ask for. 2. In a short way or method; without delay.…Sŭm'ma-rīze, v. t. p. 1325To comprise in, or reduce to, a summary; to present briefly. [Rare.] Chambers.Sŭm'ma-ry, a. p. 1325Formed into a sum; summed up; reduced into a narrow compass, or into few words; short; brief; concise; compendious; as, a summary statement of arguments or objections. 2. Hence, rapidly performed…Sūm'ma-ry, n. p. 1325A general or comprehensive statement; an abridged account; an abstract, abridgment, or compendium, containing the sum or substance of a fuller account.Sum-mā'tion, n. p. 1325The act of summing, or forming a sum, or total amount. Of this series no summation is possible to a finite intellect. De Quincey. 2. An aggregate.Sūm'mer, n. p. 1325One who sums; one who casts up an account.Sūm'mer, n. p. 1325The season of the year in which the sun shines most directly upon any region; the warmest period of the year; especially, north of the equator, the months of June, July, and August. Indian summer, in…Sŭm'mer, v. i. p. 1325To pass the summer or warm season. The fowls shall summer upon them. Is. xviii. 6.Sŭm'mer, v. t. p. 1325To keep or carry through the summer.Sŭm'mer, n. p. 1325(Arch.) A large stone or beam placed horizontally on columns, piers, posts, or the like, serving for various uses; as, (a,) The lintel of a door or window. (b.) The commencement of a cross vault.…Sŭm'mer-cōlt, n. p. 1325The undulating state of the air near the surface of the ground when heated. [Eng.]Sŭm'mer-cy'press, n. p. 1325(Bot.) An annual plant of the genus Kochia (K. scoparia). Loudon.Sŭm'mer-dŭck, n. p. 1325(Ornith.) An American species of duck; Anas (or Dendronessa) sponsa.Sŭm'mer-făl'lōw, n. p. 1325A fallow made during the warm months, to kill weeds. Gardner.Sŭm'mer-fäl'lōw, a. p. 1325Lying fallow during the summer.Sŭm'mer-fāl/lōw, v. t. p. 1325To plow and work repeatedly in summer, to prepare for wheat or other crop; to plow and let lie fallow.Sŭm'mer-house, n. p. 1325A house or apartment in a garden, to be used in summer. 2. A house for summer residence.Sŭm'mer-li-ness, n. p. 1325The state or quality of being like summer.Sŭm'mer-sault or Sŭm'mer-sĕt, n. p. 1325See SOMERSAULT, SOMERSET.Süm'mer-stir, v. t. p. 1325To summer-fallow.Sŭm’mer-tree, n. p. 1325(Arch.) The same as BREST-SUMMER. See BREST-SUMMER.Süm'mer-y, a. p. 1325Of, or pertaining to, summer; like summer. [Rare.]Sŭm'mist, n. p. 1325One who sums up, or forms an abridgment. Sir E. Dering.Sŭm'mit, n. p. 1325The top; the highest point. “Fixed on the summit of the highest mound.” Shak. 2. The highest point or degree; utmost elevation; as, the summit of human fame. 3. (Conch.) The most elevated part of the…Sŭm'-mit-less, a. p. 1325Having no summit.Sŭm'mit-y, n. p. 1325The height or top of any thing. Swift. 2. The utmost degree; perfection. Halliwell.Sŭm'mon, v. t. p. 1325To call, cite, or notify to appear. Trumpets summon him to war. Dryden. 2. To give notice to, or command to appear, as in court; to cite by authority; as, to summon witnesses, or a jury. Love, duty…Sŭm'mon-er, n. p. 1325One who summons or cites by authority. 2. The sheriff’s messenger, employed to warn persons to appear in court. [Eng.]Sŭm'mons, n. p. 1325A call by authority, or the command of a superior, to appear at a place named, or to attend to some public duty. This summons he resolved not to disobey. Fell. He sent to summon the seditious, and to…Sŭm'mons, v. t. p. 1325To give a summons to; to summon. [Rare.] Swift.Sūm'ner, n. p. 1325A summoner. [Obs.] “A summer that cites her to appear.” Beau. & Fl.Su-mōom′, n. p. 1325The same as SIMOOM.Sūmp, n. p. 1325(Logic.) That which is assumed; the major premise of a syllogism. Sir W. Hamilton.Sūmp, n. p. 1325(Metal.) A round pit of stone, lined with clay, for receiving the metal on its first fusion. Ray. 2. The cistern or reservoir made at the lowest point of a mine, from which is pumped the water which…Sump-men p. 1325the men who sink the sump in a mine.Sŭmph, n. p. 1325A dunce. [Scot.] A more than usual sumph produced an avenging epigram upon him and two other traitors. Prof. Wilson.Sūmp'ter, n. p. 1325A pack; a burden. [Obs. and rare.] B. & Fl. 2. An animal, especially a horse, that carries packs or burdens; a baggage-horse;—rarely used alone, but generally prefixed to another word; as…Sūmp'tion, n. p. 1325A taking. [Obs.]Sŭmpt'ū-a-ry, a. p. 1325Relating to expense; regulating expense or expenditure. Sumptuary laws or regulations, such as restrain or limit the expenses of citizens in apparel, food, furniture, or the like.Sūmpt'ū-ōs'i-ty, n. p. 1325Expensiveness; costliness. [Obs.] Raleigh.Sŭmpt'ū-oŭs, a. p. 1325Involving large outlay or expense; costly; expensive; hence, splendid; magnificent; as, a sumptuous house or table; sumptuous apparel. We are too magnificent and sumptuous in our tables and…Sŭmpt'ū-ōŭs-ly, adv. p. 1325In a sumptuous manner; expensively; splendidly.Sūmpt'ū-oŭs-ness, n. p. 1325The state of being sumptuous; costliness; expensiveness; splendor. I will not fall out with those who can reconcile sumptuousness and charity. Boyle.Sŭn, n. p. 1325The luminous orb, the light of which constitutes day, and its absence night; the central body round which the earth and planets revolve, by which they are held in their orbits, and from which they…Sūn, v. t. p. 1326To expose to the sun’s rays; to warm or dry in the light of the sun; to insolate; as, to sun cloth; to sun grain. “Then to sun thyself in open air.” Dryden.Sūn, n. p. 1326(Bot.) See SUNN.Sŭn'-bēam, n. p. 1326A beam or ray of the sun. “Glid-ing through the even on a sunbeam.” Milton.Sūn'-bird, n. p. 1326(Ornith.) A species of bird found chiefly in the tropical parts of Africa and Asia, and living on the juices of flowers. The color of its plumage is usually metallic and very showy.Sŭn'-blĭnk, n. p. 1326A glimpse or flash of the sun. [Scot.] W. Scott.Sŭn'-bŏn'net, n. p. 1326A bonnet, generally of some light material, projecting in front of the face, and having a cape, worn as a protection against the rays of the sun. [U. S.]Sŭn′bŭrn, v. t. p. 1326To burn, discolor, or scorch by the sun. “Sunburnt and swarthy though she be.” Dryden.Sŭn'-bûrn'er, n. p. 1326A kind of large gas-burner for lighting and ventilating public buildings.Sŭn'-därt, n. p. 1326A ray of the sun. [Rare.] Hemans.Sŭn'day, n. p. 1326The first day of the week; the Christian Sabbath; a day consecrated to rest from secular employments, and to religious worship; the Lord’s day. Syn.—See SABBATH.Sŭn'day, a. p. 1326Belonging or relating to the Lord's day, or Christian Sabbath.Sūn'day-school, n. p. 1326A school for religious instruction on the Lord's day, especially for children and youth.Sūn'der, v. t. p. 1326To disunite in almost any manner, either by rending, cutting, or breaking; to part; to separate; to divide; to sever; as, to sunder a rope or cord; to sunder a limb or joint; to sunder friends, or…Sūn'der, n. p. 1326A separation into parts; a division or severance. In sunder, into parts. “He cutteth the spear in sunder.” Ps. xlvi. 9.