Dictionary
An American Dictionary of the English Language
Revised and enlarged (Goodrich & Porter)
Springfield, Mass. · G. & C. Merriam · 1865
- Entries
- 95,912
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- 2,133
Look up a word as the writers of the time used it.
Tôph, n. p. 1394A kind of sandstone.To-phâ'ceoûs, a. p. 1394Gritty; sandy; rough; stony. Arbuthnot.Tŏp'-hăm'per, n. p. 1394(Naut.) The upper rigging, spars, &c., of a ship. All the ships of the fleet . . . were so encumbered with top-hamper, so over-weighted in proportion to their draught of water, that they could bear…Tŏp'-hĕav'y, a. p. 1394Having the top or upper part too heavy for the lower. Wotton.Tō′phet, n. p. 1394A place lying east or south-east of Jerusalem, in the valley of Hinnom. It seems to have been at first part of the royal garden, but it was afterward defiled and polluted by the sacrifices of Baal…Tōph'in, n. p. 1394The same as TOPH, q. v.Tō'phus, n. p. 1394(Med.) The calcareous concretions about the joints, and in other situations, occurring chiefly in gouty persons. 2. (Min.) A kind of porous calcareous deposit from water. Brandé.Tōp'i-a-ry, a. p. 1394Shaped by cutting. Topiary work, the fanciful form sometimes given, by cutting and trimming, to arbors and thickets, trees and hedges. Francis.Tōp'ic, n. p. 1394(Rhet. & Logic.) One of the various general forms of argument to be employed in probable as distinguished from demonstrative reasoning, — denominated by Aristotle τόποι (places), as the places from…Tōp'ic or Tōp'ic-al, a. p. 1394Of, or pertaining to, a place; limited; local; as, a topical remedy. 2. Pertaining to, or consisting of, a topic or topics. 3. Not demonstrative, but merely probable, as an argument. Evidences of…Tōp'ic-al-ly, adv. p. 1394In a topical manner; with application to, or limitation of, a particular place or topic.Tŏp'-knŏt (-nŏt), n. p. 1394A crest or knot of feathers upon the head or top, as of a bird; also, an ornamental knot or bow worn on the top of the head, as by women. “A great, stout servant girl, with cheeks as red as her…Tŏp'-lăn/tern or Tŏp'-light, n. p. 1394(Naut.) A lantern or light in the top of a vessel.Tōp'less, a. p. 1394Having no top; very lofty. “The topless Apennines.” Beau. & Fl.Tŏp'man, n. p. 1394The man who stands above in sawing; a topsman. 2. (Naut.) A man standing in the top.Tŏp'māst, n. p. 1394(Naut.) The second mast, or that which is next above the lower mast, and above which is the top-gallant-mast.Tŏp'mōst, a. p. 1394Highest; uppermost; as, the topmost cliff; the topmost branch of a tree.To-pōg'ra-pher, n. p. 1394One who is skilled in the science of topography; one who describes a particular place, town, city, or tract of land. Dante is the one authorized topographer of the medieval hell. Milman.Tōp/o-grāph'ie or Tōp/o-grāph'ie-al, a. p. 1394Of, or pertaining to, topography; descriptive of a place. Topographical surveying, that branch of surveying which pertains to the process of ascertaining and representing upon a plane surface the…Tōp/o-grāph'ic-al-ly, adv. p. 1394In a topographical manner; in the manner of topography.To-pŏg'ra-phist, n. p. 1394A topographer.To-pŏg'ra-phy, n. p. 1394The description of a particular place, city, town, manor, parish, or tract of land; especially, the exact and scientific delineation and description in minute detail of any place or region; the…To-pōl'o-gy, n. p. 1394The art of, or a method for, assisting the memory by associating the thing or subject to be remembered with some place. [Rare.]Tōp'ping, p. a. p. 1394Rising above; surpassing. 2. Hence, assuming superiority; proud. “The great and flourishing condition of some of the topping sinners of the world.” South. 3. Fine; gallant. Johnson.Tōp'ping, n. p. 1394The act of one who tops; the act of cutting off the top. 2. (Naut.) The act of pulling one extremity of a yard higher than the other. 3. (pl.) That which comes from the hemp in the act of hatcheling.…Tŏp'ping-lĭft, n. p. 1394(Naut.) A large, strong tackle employed to suspend or top the outer end of a gaff, or of the boom of a mainsail, in a brig or schooner.Tŏp'ping-ly, adv. p. 1394In a topping or proud manner.Tŏp'ping-ly, a. p. 1394Same as TOPPING. [Obs.] Tusser.Tŏp'ple, v. i. p. 1394To fall forward; to pitch or tumble down. “Though castles topple on their warders’ heads.” Shak.Tōp'-proud, a. p. 1394Proud to the highest degree. [Rare.] Shak.Tōp'-rōpe, n. p. 1394(Naut.) A rope to sway up a top-mast, &c.Tōp'-sāil, n. p. 1394(Naut.) A sail extended across the topmast, above which is the top-gallant-sail.Tōps'-and-bōt'toms, n. pl. p. 1394Small rolls of dough, baked, cut in halves, and then browned in an oven, used as food for infants. Simmonds. ’Tis said that her tops-and-bottoms were gilt. Hood.Tōp'-shāped, a. p. 1394Having the shape of a top. 2. (Bot.) Cone-shaped, with the apex downward; turbinate. Henslow.Tŏps'man, n. p. 1394The chief drover of those who drive a herd of cattle. P. Cyc. 2. The uppermost sawyer in a sawpit; a top-man. Simmonds.Tōp'-soil, n. p. 1394The upper part or surface of the soil.Tōp'-soil'ing, n. p. 1394The act or art of taking off the top-soil of land, before a canal is begun.Tōp'-stōne, n. p. 1394A stone that is placed on the top, or which forms the top.Tŏp'sy-tŭr'vy, adv. p. 1394In an inverted posture; with the top or head downward; as, to turn a carriage topsy-turvy.Tōp'-tăck/le, n. p. 1394(Naut.) A tackle used in swaying up a topmast. Totten.Tōp'-tim'bers, n. pl. p. 1394(Naut.) The highest timbers on the side of a vessel, being those above the futtocks. Dana.Tōque or To-quet', n. p. 1394A kind of bonnet or head-dress. His velvet toque stuck as airily as ever upon the side of his head. Motley.Tōre, n. p. 1394The same as TORQUE, q. v.Tōrch, n. p. 1394A light or luminary formed of some combustible substance, as of resinous wood; a large candle or flambeau. They light the nuptial torch. Milton.Tōrch'-beār'er, n. p. 1394One whose office it is to carry a torch.Tōrch'er, n. p. 1394One who gives light with a torch, or as if with a torch. [Obs.] Shak.Tōrch'-light, n. p. 1394The light of a torch, or of torches. 2. A light kindled to supply the want of the sun.Tōrch'-thīs'tle, n. p. 1394(Bot.) A plant of the genus Cereus, and of the order Cactaceæ;—so called from the resemblance of the stem to a wax candle, or from the prickly stems, used by the Indians for torches. Lee.Tōrch'wort, n. p. 1394A certain plant. More.Tōre, imp. p. 1394of tear. See TEAR.Tōre, n. p. 1394The dead grass that remains on mowing land in winter and spring. [Prov. Eng.] Mortimer.Tōre, n. p. 1394(Arch.) A large, round molding on the base of a column; torus. Oxf. Gloss.To-reu'ma-tōg'ra-phy, n. p. 1394A description of sculptures and bass-relief.To-reu'ma-tōl'o-gy, n. p. 1394The art or description of sculpture and bass-relief; toreumatography.To-reu'tic, a. p. 1394(Sculp.) Highly finished or polished;—applied properly to figures in hard wood, ivory, and the like.Tō'rin-ēge', a. p. 1394(Geog.) Of, or pertaining to, Turin, or to the people of Turin.Tō'rin-ēge', n. p. 1394(Geog.) A native or inhabitant of Turin; in the plural, the people of Turin.Tōr'ment, n. p. 1394(Antiq.) An engine for casting stones. [Obs.] 2. Extreme pain; anguish; the utmost degree of misery, either of body or mind. The more I see Pleasure about me, so much I feel Torment within me.…Tor-mĕnt’, v. t. p. 1394To put to extreme pain or anguish; to inflict excruciating misery upon, either of body or mind. Art thou come hither to torment us before the time? Matt. viii. 29. 2. To pain; to distress; to…Tor-mĕnt'er, n. p. 1395One who, or that which, torments; a tormentor.