p. 6 | Signs of the Times, Vol. 4, No. 10. (3/7/1878)

The Home Circle: Farmer Penniman's Dream

THE HOME CIRCLE. # Farmer Penniman's Dream.

"THERE's no need of a donation for Mr. Goodman," growled out Mr. Penniman, on his way home from church, after the notice of a proposed donation visit had been given; "he has salary enough without—six hundred dollars a year and a parsonage and garden spot—that's enough for any family to live on; why, it doesn't cost us near that, and we have six children, and they have only four. 'Twas real mean for Mr. Goodman to exchange, and get that man to give out the notice." And Mr. Penniman fretted away in the ear of his silent wife till they had nearly reached home, quite unmindful of the four children who, with wide open ears, were eagerly listening to every word.

Rev. Mr. Goodman was pastor of a little church in a small village of Manisuch, a Home Missionary church composed of farmers, with a few members in the village where two other churches of different denominations were also endeavoring to live and thrive.

Four hundred dollars was the nominal salary of Mr. Goodman from the Home Missionary Society. Of the four hundred Mr. Penniman gave twenty-five dollars, usually in advance, "to get it off his mind" he said—if all the subscribers had followed his example it would have been better for the minister. But the last year's subscription was two hundred dollars in arrears. And the Home Missionary Treasury was empty.

It was mid-winter; the minister's credit and provisions were well nigh exhausted, and nothing had been said of the accustomed donation visit.

Driven almost to desperation, Mr. Goodman rode over to a neighboring city, where one of his classmates was preaching to a large, prosperous church, and laid the case before him.

"Let's exchange," said the sympathizing listener, when the story was told. "I'll give notice of a donation visit on my own responsibility." The exchange was made; and the notice was given to the astonishment of every one, Mrs. Goodman included.

Mr. Penniman's family went into their large, warm kitchen, laid aside their wrappings, and sat down to a bountiful dinner, prepared by the eldest daughter during their absence; and with the appearance of the hot mince pies began the discussion of the coming donation visit.

"Mother, may I go?" from a chorus of little voices, and comments from the elder members of the family according to their moods.

"Well, I paid the whole of my subscription long ago," said Mr. Penniman, with a satisfied air, "and if the rest had done the same, there would be no excuse for having a donation visit."

"I don't believe Mr. Jones has paid a cent, and he's rich, too," said Clara, a bright little girl of eleven.

"No, nor Mr. White, nor Mr. Cook, nor even Deacon Slocum," added George, a stout lad of sixteen, who knew more, in his own estimation, than any man in the neighborhood. Mrs. Penniman and the eldest daughter, Mabel, said nothing.

"Mother, I heard my teacher tell the superintendent that if people would only give tithes, as the Jews did, there would be no need of donation parties. What are tithes?" said Robert, the nine year old son.

"I will tell you all about it this afternoon. Finish your dinner, now," was the reply.

An hour later, according to promise, the mother sat, Bible in hand, explaining to her younger children the Jewish law of benevolence. Clara and Robert were finding the references, and James and Minnie were asking numberless questions. Jacob's vision interested them greatly. Robert read the dreamer's morning vow, "Of all that thou shalt give me, I will surely give the tenth unto thee."

"Then tithes mean tenths. Does it mean a tenth of everything?" asked Robert.

"Turn to Leviticus, 27th chapter and 30th, 31st, and 32d verses," was the mother's reply.

"Why, mother, it says cattle, too," exclaimed Robert in astonishment, "and a tenth of all their grain and their fruit! Sure! I guess my teacher was right; but does anybody do that now-a-days?"

"Yes," replied Mrs. Penniman, "I have known several men in the city who conscientiously gave to the Lord one-tenth of their income, and some of them were far from rich."

"Why can't farmers do the same?" asked Clara.

"I suppose they might," replied the mother with a sigh. "Now turn to Malachi 3:8, 10."

"Let me read that," said Clara, and while she read her father said to himself, "That's all right, I am glad my wife is so faithful in teaching the children, especially in teaching them benevolence. I guess I have paid my tithes this year; twenty-five dollars for the minister, and as good as twenty-five for Chicago, fifty dollars, that's a tenth and more too, but I don't begrudge it, not a bit," and with a self-satisfied smile he fell asleep, and dreamed.

Half an hour passed, and the sleeper awoke with a groan and a start. Rousing himself, he said to the children, "Run away now and crack some nuts; I want to talk to your mother awhile." The children obeyed, and the mother sat with folded hands, and heart trying to prepare itself to listen patiently to more fault-finding.

"I have had such a fearful dream, Jennie," said Mr. Penniman, in a low, troubled voice; a warning from God, I do believe. You are a better Christian than I am, let me tell you my dream, and I know you will help me do my duty."

Then, in words often choked with emotion, he told his dream, while tears rolled down his wife's cheeks.

The profound silence which followed was broken by the husband's voice solemnly repeating the vow of Jacob, henceforth to be his own vow: "Of all that thou shalt give me I will surely give the tenth unto thee."

"Amen!" was the wife's joyful response.

"Isn't it Sabbath work to look over the books? It seems to me I shall feel better to have this matter all arranged to-day," said Mr. Penniman, after a few moment's thought.

Mrs. Penniman brought the books, in which her husband kept a full record of all the farm products.

"Now, Jennie," said he, "take a piece of paper, and as I call off the yield you take out the tenths, and we will estimate the value and see how much we fall short."

200 bu. Wheat—tithes 20 bu. @$1.00 per bu.......$20.00 150 " Potatoes " 15 " @ 0.60 " .......9.00 300 " Oats " 30 " @ 0.30 " .......9.00 600 " Corn " 60 " @ 0.28 " .......16.80 200 " Apples " 20 " @ 0.50 " .......10.00 10 " Beans " 1 " @ 1.50 " .......1.50 30 " Turnips " 3 " @ 0.25 " .......0.75 10 bbls. Beef " 1 bbl. @ 10.00 " .......10.00 20 tons Hay " 2 t'n @ 10.00 " .......20.00

The amount of Tithes is............................$97.05 said Mrs. Penniman, and Deducting the..................................50.00 already paid here and for Chicago Leaves..................................................$47.05

"Yes, that is correct," remarked Mr. Penniman, looking over the figures; "now, how shall we arrange the rest? Let us see. We will give the minister One barrel of beef.................................$10.00 and the tithes of turnips, beans and potatoes, which will Amount to................................................11.25 $21.25 This sum deducted from the....................$47.05 Leaves..................................................$25.80

a little more than the price of two tons of hay, as we valued it. But we have not tithed our cattle yet; we have ten cows, you know—shall they 'pass under the rod?'" asked the husband, with a meaning smile.

"Yes, certainly," was the earnest reply.

"Well, then, one cow—you shall say which one—and two tons of hay to feed her on. There are a good many things we cannot tithe this year, so I will take a good large grist, and you may take what you like from the house, and next year we will be more exact," said Mr. Penniman in a tone of great satisfaction.

"A good deal to give away," said Mrs. Penniman, doubtingly, for in her heart she feared her husband would repent his liberality when the excitement of his dream had passed away.

"Why, Jennie, you are not sorry the Lord made the tenths so large, are you?" he said, half reproachfully. "Nine-tenths are left for us to use without doubt or reproach. How blind I have been all my life," he added, with a sigh.

"Father, George says it is milking time," called out little Clara, looking in at the door.

"Yes, I'll come," answered the father, rising. "Jennie, which cow shall I give," he asked, turning to his wife.

"Give the best to the Lord," was her reply.

"Mabel, come here a few minutes," said Mrs. Penniman to her eldest daughter, a young lady of nineteen when the door had closed on the father and the two boys. In a few words the mother related what had transpired within the last hour; and the daughter listened with clasped hands and glistening eyes.

"Oh, mother, I am so glad!" she exclaimed. Giving a tenth has always seemed right since I read God's own law to the Jews. He must know best. If the Jews were commanded to give tithes, surely, with our greater blessings, a tenth of our income is the very least we ought to think of presenting to the Lord as a thank offering. It seems a great deal because God gives us so much."

"Well, my dear, you and I must look up our tithes, to-morrow," said Mrs. Penniman with a smile.

The day of the donation visit came at last.

"George, I guess we will take over our loads this morning," said Mr. Penniman while they were doing the chores at the barn. "You may fasten Brindle's rope to the back of that load of hay, and let her eat while you help me load up the other sleigh; then you may harness the old horses, I will take the colts, and we will go over together."

"Why, father, what are you going to do with old Brindle?" asked the astonished boy.

"Give her to the minister; we have nine cows left," was the reply.

The two went to the house and proceeded to load up the "big sleigh" which stood before the door. A barrel of beef, potatoes, turnips, beans, and a "monstrous grist," the children said, and away the two drove to the parsonage.

"Why, Mr. Penniman, haven't you made a mistake. What does all this mean?" exclaimed Mr. Goodman running out of the house without his hat, as they drove through the great gate. "What does it all mean?"

"Only the tithes," replied Mr. Penniman, laughing.

"Here's your hat, father," said little Henry Goodman, holding up the missing article. "Thank you, my son, now run into the house."

"Where shall I put your cow?" asked Mr. Penniman.

"My cow! why Mr. Penniman, you can't afford—"

"Got nine left," interrupted Mr. Penniman. "Drive on, George, we'll find a place."

The little barn was a rickety old affair, but Brindle was soon tied in one corner of the stable, and Mr. Penniman and his son stowed away the hay as best they could in the bay and shaky loft. The boards on the sides were some of them hanging by one nail, but George said that the roof looked as if it would not leak, and he would drive a few nails in those boards before night.

Then came the unloading of the second sleigh, amid exclamations of wonder and delight from Mr. and Mrs. Goodman and the children, and such a time as they all had preparing the little almost unused cellar for such an unexpected supply of vegetables.

Two empty barrels were filled to overflowing with the best of flour, the bran and shorts for the cow found a place in some old barrels in the woodshed, and Mr. Penniman and George drove home delighted.

"What has happened to Mr. Penniman?" asked Mrs. Goodman after they had gone. "Is he going crazy?"

"I asked him what it all meant, and he said he had a dream last Sabbath which he would tell me sometime," replied her husband.

"The result of his dreaming will bless us all the year," said Mrs. Goodman gratefully.

"Mother, is that cow to be our very own, always?" asked one of the children.

"Yes. We all thank Mr. Penniman very much, and I am sure none of us will forget to thank Him who put the thought of this great kindness into Mr. Penniman's heart."

The afternoon and evening passed off as usual on such occasions, with one exception. The Penniman children had all faithfully tithed their nuts, pop-corn, and the money in their savings banks, and brought their gifts to the children at the parsonage, and child-like, Robert told the story to a group of listening children, and some of larger growth.

"We are all tithed," said he, "George gave his tithes in money—mother and Mabel brought butter and eggs and dried apples, and every so many cans of fruit, and father tithed everything in the cellar, and even tithed old Brindle, too."

"What is tithing? I don't know what you are talking about," said Willie Greene, the merchant's son.

"Why the Bible says folks must give to the Lord one-tenth of all they can raise on the farm," replied Robert. "Clara and I read it there last Sabbath, and that is just what we have been doing at our house. We have just begun, but we mean to keep on doing so all the time. I tell you, Henry Goodman, you'll get lots of eggs and chickens before summer is out, and I should n't wonder if you should get, now and then, a harvest apple. I have one tree that's all my own."

"That boy of yours has been telling quite a long story to the children about the tithing done at your house," remarked Mr. Stevens to Mr. Penniman when they went out after supper to attend to their teams. "Have n't you changed your mind lately?" he asked.

"Yes, I have most essentially," replied Mr. Penniman, "but it is a long story; come to prayer-meeting to-morrow evening, and you shall hear all about it."

Twenty minutes later everybody in the house knew that Mr. Penniman would explain the reason for the change in his feelings and practice at the next prayer-meeting, and everyone had resolved to go to-morrow evening—not long to wait.

"Are you going to prayer-meeting to-night to hear Penniman tell his dream?" asked Mr. Greene, the merchant, of the first customer who made his appearance the next morning.

"Yes. I want to hear what he will say; it seems silly, though, to talk about a dream doing such wonders, for his donation was large for any one, and certainly wonderful for him."

"A dream!" sneered Mr. Greene, brushing his coat-sleeve; "conscience, more likely."

"I don't know about that," was the reply; "Mr. Penniman is close, but he is honest, and true to his word—always pays when and what he agrees to pay; his subscription is always paid in advance, if possible."

So passed the day; in every house and in every shop and store the subject of tithing was thoroughly discussed, always concluding with a wise shake of the head and the sage remark: "The Pennimans won't hold out long. No farmer can afford to give away one-tenth of what he raises, cattle and all." But they went to the prayer-meeting, and for once the cold, cheerless little church was packed full.

Mr. Goodman opened the meeting as usual, and then remarked: "Brethren and friends, I know you are all anxious to hear the message which Brother Penniman brings us to-night, and we will listen to him now."

Slowly Mr. Penniman rose to his feet and looked around on the congregation. His face was deadly pale, and his lips quivered for a moment. Then, in a calm, distinct tone he said:—

"My first duty to-night is confession. I have frequently said, in the presence of many of you, my brethren, that our minister's salary was amply sufficient to support his family without donation parties; that he must be extravagant, or he would not get into debt. Now, that was all wrong; I am sorry for it, and ashamed of it. In the first place the statement was not true, though I did not intend to falsify. I made the mistake which we farmers are apt to make; we only reckon our money outlay, and count as nothing what we consume.

"Yesterday I took my books and deducted the amount of family supplies I had sold from the amount produced on my farm last year, and I was surprised. Now, I only wonder how, with the closest economy, our pastor's family could live comfortably on his salary and our donations too. But if my assertion had been true to the letter, it was no business of mine how he spent the money he had honestly earned, any more than it is how any other man spends the money he earns. The only question for me, as a member of this church, to decide is whether Mr. Goodman's labors among us are worth the salary which we agree to pay. If so, my portion of his salary is to be paid promptly and fully, like any other debt, and he and his family left to the expenditure of the money well and faithfully earned, without remark or hindrance. This shall always be my course toward him and every other pastor hereafter.

"Last Sunday I sat in my easy chair, listening to my wife and children as they read and conversed about the Jewish law of tithing, till I fell asleep with the very comfortable feeling that, for myself, I had brought all the tithes into the store-house—and I really believed it.

"I dreamed that I went to the anticipated donation visit with my family, and carried about my usual donation—a bushel of flour, a bag of potatoes, and a bag of apples—and thought I had done well, for I was very sure the minister did not need even that with his salary.

"The evening passed as usual, we farmers talking of the crops of last year and discussing our plans for the coming season. I was well satisfied to find, by comparison, how abundant my harvest had been.

"When I came in sight of my home, that night, I saw my well-filled barn in flames, my garnered treasures gone beyond hope of rescue. It was a terrible blow; and as I stood there helpless—for nothing could be done—and saw the product of my hard toil a great, blazing mass, how I wished I had given more of that burning wheat to my pastor. But it was too late now. I had only enough left for bread and for seed—a few bushels put

in another barn for lack of room.

"It was summer; my oats were sown, my corn and potatoes planted, the cattle and sheep were in the pastures; but there was no rain. Day after day the sun arose without a cloud, and night after night the moon and stars shone with undimmed beauty. So the summer months passed—not one drop of rain, no harvest. The winter came, and still no moisture for the thirsty earth. I had no grain in store, it had been burned; no hay for my cattle, the grass had not grown. The cattle died, one after another; and through the long winter it was a fearful struggle to get bread to eat.

"Spring returned, and yet no rain. I had no grain to sow, and others began to be in want. We grew weak and sick at heart. We were in the midst of what this country had never known—a real famine. Terror took hold of the soul, while hunger tormented the body.

"Day and night we prayed for relief, and the answer, always the same, echoed and re-echoed everywhere: 'Will a man rob God? Yet ye have robbed me. But ye say, Wherein have we robbed Thee? In tithes and offerings. Ye are cursed with a curse; for ye have robbed me, even this whole nation.'

"Summer's burning heat poured down upon us, and one after another my whole family sickened and died. Oh! the agony of watching over sick beds with nothing to alleviate their suffering! To see our dearest friends dying of starvation! Yet so my loved ones died, and I lived on. I buried them with my own hands, for the famine had taken all sympathy from the community; each was fully occupied with his own sorrow.

"Day after day I wandered through the rooms of my desolate home, and touched reverently the common things which their dear hands had used, and found some comfort in this indulgence of my sorrow.

"But even this poor solace was taken away from me. Another fiery tempest came, sweeping away every remaining vestige of my earthly possessions, and I fled before it. On, and on, and on, still flying, still pursued, never tiring, impelled by a terror indescribable, till at length, I know not how, I found myself in a deep gorge of a California mine. All around me lay broken fragments of rich gold-laden quartz, the very earth beneath my feet seemed formed of golden sand, and on either side of the narrow valley the mountains rose, full of treasure. But all this wealth awakened no emotion, for yonder, trickling over the rocks, was water, pure cold water! Almost frantic with joy, I rushed toward it, but fell fainting ere my lips were moistened. I did not lose consciousness, but, too weak with my utmost effort to drag myself onward, there I lay, with the life-giving water almost within my reach!

"At last relief came; the miners gathered to the little grass plat not far away to eat their noonday meal. They seated themselves on the grass, made tables of the broken rocks, and spread out their bountiful repast. How delicious their food looked! I had not seen so much at one time for months. How I longed for the very crumbs that fell from their hands, yet I could not ask. It was not pride, but despair. All the ungrateful past of my life seemed to come up before me; the food I had carelessly wasted, or carelessly received, unmindful of the Giver. I never was hungry till this famine began, and now it seemed impossible for me ever to be fed. 'Cursed with a curse' for my ingratitude and robbery of God! Oh, the thought was agony! A deep groan escaped my lips and discovered me to the miners. One brought me a cup of water, and others gave me food. What a luxury was that cold water! How delicious was that coarse but wholesome food! I ate and drank like the famished creature that I was, till fully satisfied, and my kind friends returned to finish their own repast, leaving me lying on the soft grass with a heart full of praise and thanksgiving.

"The miners were rough men, of many nationalities. Irish, Germans, Chinese, and profane, God-defying Americans, worked side by side. And as they sat in groups, enjoying their noonday meal, I listened to their fearful profanity till my soul was sick within me. There I lay, all that long summer afternoon, living over the years of my past prosperous life, bemoaning my selfishness and thinking how little I had ever done to send the gospel to such as the men in the mines.

"But all the future was dead within me. What could a poor, bereaved, famine-stricken man do, only to pray for pardon and for death?

"At last the day was ended, and two of the kind miners, half led, half carried me to their camp, shared their evening meal and their scanty tent with me. My heart was full of gratitude, and, before seeking repose, I knelt to thank him who had given such unexpected deliverance from famine and death.

"Scarcely had I lain down, when one of the men touched me on the shoulder, saying: 'Stranger, if you can pray won't you come and see a sick man just over here?'

"I arose and followed him, and there in a dirty tent, lay, and had lain for weeks, tossing with fever and delirium, my once happy, innocent boy, my long lost Henry. The fever had left him, and now, pale and exhausted, he seemed only waiting for the last heart-throb of a wasted life. Some of you, my friends, have known of this great sorrow which has lain on my heart for years, and may imagine the meeting and the sad recital I had to make. He said little of himself till I asked him of his spiritual state—his preparation for an exchange of worlds. An expression of anguish passed over his face. 'I am not ready—not prepared,' he exclaimed. 'All is lost, lost! Don't interrupt me,' he continued, as I was about to speak. 'I know what you would say; I know The way, but have lost the desire to walk there. I feel I am forever lost! Two years ago,' he continued, 'there came to the mines a young Christian minister, full of life and enthusiasm, yet so gentle and blameless, so Christ-like that we must all love him. He had a wonderful power over all, even the roughest, and I loved him as a brother. He remained with us a year, preaching, talking, and praying, till profanity was banished, and many seemed almost persuaded. His second year's labors were scarcely begun, when news came from the Home Missionary Society, saying the treasury was empty, and they did not know how long it would be before they would be able to pay what remained due on his salary, and there were so many feeble churches needing a little help, so many new settlements to be occupied, that they could not continue his commission another year. His heart was full of grief. He loved those rough men. He would have gladly worked with his hands as did Paul, but had not the strength, nor could he live without the salary. The miners might have paid it, but they would not; they liked him, but he was a restraint upon them, and he left us. Father, I thought of home then, of those rich farms, those bountiful harvests, and those men and women professing so much love to Christ, yet neglecting to fully support their own minister, and doing nothing to give these poor miners the bread of life. I might have been a Christian if young Hurd had remained here, but when he went away I was angry with Christians, with God, and myself. I went back to my old ways, and now I cannot repent.'

"My poor boy sank back on his pillow exhausted; a deadly pallor overspread his face, his breath grew shorter and shorter, and in my agony at seeing him dying thus without hope, I uttered a deep groan and awoke.

"At first I could scarcely believe it possible that all I had passed through was but a dream, and then such a flood of contending emotions poured in upon my soul as almost overpowered me. I was indeed like one rescued from deepest misery, and put in possession of every needful blessing. How happy I was, how grateful for the sparing mercy of my heavenly Father! and never did I receive any worldly good with half the satisfaction that it gave me to know that God would accept a thank offering at my hands. I was in haste to make the offering, for I feared the old life-long selfishness would come back to trouble me; and I could see that my wife had the same fear.

"But the offering was made, gladly and in good faith, by us both. During the few days that have intervened since then, I have thoroughly investigated the subject of tithing, and it seems so reasonable, so just, indeed so very little to offer in return for our many mercies, that I only wonder I, a professedly Christian man, could so long have been blind to my duty and privilege.

"Just think of it, year after year, I have plowed my fields and sowed the seed, utterly powerless to make one single seed germinate. I have planted orchards, and could neither make the trees live, nor the fruit grow. And every season, God has given the sunshine and the dew, and the copious rain. And more wonderful still, he has constantly carried on that chemical process by which each plant has appropriated to itself the elements it needed for growth and perfection. Then, when the rich harvests have been gathered in, I have not brought to God a thank-offering of even one-twentieth of the fruits of the earth, and the little which I have doled out, I have called benevolence.

"And all these years, men, like the miners in my dream, men from the corrupt nations of the old world, whom God has sent to us for light; and our own people, somebody's sons, every one of them, have been going down to eternal death uninstructed and unwarned; while I Cain-like, have said in my heart, 'Am I my brother's keeper?' O my brethren! God would be entirely just if he were to visit upon me all the horrors of that fearful dream.

"Yet he is long-suffering, and abundant in mercy, and his fearful denunciation is followed by the comforting words: "Bring ye all the tithes into the store-house, that there may be meat in mine house, and prove me now herewith, saith the Lord of Hosts, if I will not open you the windows of heaven, and pour you out a blessing that there shall not be room enough to receive it!

"I cannot recall the past; I can only pray God to forgive it, but most gladly for the future, do I, from the depths of a grateful heart, adopt Jacob's vow: "Of all that Thou shalt give me, I will surely give the tenth unto Thee."

A solemn hush pervaded that large assembly when Mr. Penniman ceased speaking, broken, at length, by Mr. Goodman's voice in prayer. A hymn was then sung and the meeting closed.—E. M. S.

RELIGIOUS NEWS.

—The gospel of John has been issued in the Nez Perces language, by the Presbyterian Board.

—Fifty churches have been built and paid for within the past year by the colored Baptists of Virginia.

—The aggregate of church debts in the city of New York is $7,770,314, and the total value of church property $56,101,600.

—The American Missionary Association has reduced its indebtedness from $62,816 to less than $50,000 since October last.

—In 1850, the Catholic bishops in the United States held $9,000,000 worth of property. They now hold $110,000,000 worth.

—It is reported that the deceased Pope left a fortune of $3,500,000, which is mostly in the hands of, and has been manipulated by, the Rothschilds.

—The first Presbyterian church of Cleveland, Ohio, pays its choir and organist $2,000 per year; St. Paul’s church, $2,050; and Trinity, $1,700.

—This year is the hundredth since the introduction of Roman Catholicism into Boston. They propose to commemorate the event in some public way.

—George Muller has been preaching with great success in Charleston and Columbia, S. C., and other southern cities. He will soon come to California, and will proceed to England in June.

—The number of Mormons in Scandinavia is stated to be 2,249 in Denmark, 1,606 in Sweden, 892 in Norway, and 15 in Iceland. During the course of last year, 583 persons emigrated from Scandinavia to Utah.

—Nearly fifteen thousand converts have been added to the Protestant churches in China during the past year, and there are now in that land more than one hundred self supporting congregations.

—Spurgeon’s church has nearly 5,000 members. At the orphanage connected with the Tabernacle 250 boys are clothed, fed and instructed. Forty-five colporteurs are employed by the congregation. The pastor’s college, missions, and Sunday-schools are maintained. It requires nearly $1,500 per week to sustain the Stockwell orphanages and other institutions.

—The following estimate is made of the numbers adhering to the several forms of religious faith held by the English-speaking peoples all over the world: Episcopalians, 17,500,000; Methodists, 13,500,000; Roman Catholics, 13,250,000; Presbyterians, 10,000,000; Baptists, 8,000,000; Congregationalists, 7,000,000; Unitarians, 1,000,000; minor religious sects, 3,000,000; unclassified, 7,000,000. This makes a total of 80,250,000.

The Gallows in 1877.

THE hangman's record for the past year shows that eighty-three murderers were hanged in the United States. Of this number forty-seven were white, thirty-four colored, one Indian and one Chinaman ; four were hanged for indecent assaults ; one for burglary, eight for wife murder, one for filicide, and one for fratricide. There were three double executions, one triple, two quadruple, and one in which six men were hanged. Not a single woman was hanged ; the only one sentenced to death, Mrs. Louisa Lawsar, of Virginia, had her sentence commuted to imprisonment for life by the governor. Friday still maintains its reputation in the black list as the favorite day on which to enforce the death penalty, more murderers having been hanged on that day than on all others of the week combined. Forty-seven murderers were hanged on Friday, seventeen on Thursday, eight on Saturday, six on Monday, three on Tuesday, and two on Wednesday. There were five executions in January, five in February, six in March, six in April, ten in May, fifteen in June, eleven in July, one in August, five in September, none in October, nine in November and ten in December. Pennsylvania stands first in the list of the States for the greatest number of executions during the past year, South Carolina being second. The executions were distributed in twenty-five States, as follows : Pennsylvania sixteen, South Carolina twelve, North Carolina and California five each ; Missouri, Maryland, Georgia and Virginia, four each ; New York, Louisiana, Arkansas, Nevada and Tennessee, three each ; New Jersey, New Hampshire, Delaware, Alabama, Kentucky, Texas, Utah, Dakota, Oregon and Wyoming, one each.—Sel.

OBITUARY.

By M. G. Kellogg

DIED, near Woodland, Cal., February 15, 1878, Elaine, youngest daughter of J. A. and Sallie Douglass, aged two years, one month, and eleven days. Sister Douglass has lain her sweet babe away to rest until the morning of the resurrection, then she will meet it again. May the loss of little Elaine serve as a link to bind them to heaven. Remarks were made at the funeral by the writer from Psa. 56:8: "Put thou my tears into thy bottle, are they not in thy book?"

M. G. KELLOGG.

SECULAR NEWS.

—Seven hundred thousand persons died by famine the last year in India.

—About one hundred men are now daily employed at the Golden Gate Park.

—San Francisco has a population of 308,215 against 301,020 last year, 30,000 of which are Chinese, and 2,000 colored.

—Stanley's African expedition is said to have cost the New York Herald and the London Telegraph $115,000.

—It is stated that the 84,614 colored voters of Georgia own 457,635 acres of land worth $1,244,104, city property worth $1,199,725, personal property worth $486,522, stock worth 241,106, and other property worth $2,250,000.

—Great distress prevails in Palestine this year, owing to a poor harvest and prices which are double what they were last year. Many are poverty-stricken, and many are out of employment, for no work is to be had. Hundreds have to beg for food. The war has much to do with this distressed condition.

—The city of Chicago is said to be in a very unenviable financial condition. The Supreme Court has decided that the city debt having reached the ultimate limit, it is not lawful for the city to incur any debt in addition; that it cannot borrow any money in anticipation of its revenue, and that although it may issue orders on the treasury payable out of taxes actually levied when collected, yet that such orders must be issued in payment and without any recourse against the city. The result is, that the City Council has no money, the employees in various branches of the public service cannot be paid in a year and a half, and as there is hardly any likelihood that they will be able to live without money during that time, there seems to be no alternative but to dismiss them.

—One-sixth of all the corn raised in the United States was raised last year in Illinois, 130,000,000 bushels; she also cut 2,747,000 tons of hay, nearly one-tenth of all the hay in the country; she raised last year 2,500,000 hogs and packed 1,113,845, about one-half of all that were packed in the United States; she also takes the lead in the oat-crop, growing 43,789,581 out of a total of 282,107,159 bushels. Ohio raises the most winter wheat, 27,625,759 out of 175,195,193 bushels produced in the Union; and Iowa raises the most spring wheat, 28,707,312 bushels of the 112,549,533 bushels produced in the United States. Pennsylvania supplies one-fifth of the rye, or 3,577,641 bushels out of 16,918,705; and California the largest barley crop, or 8,783,490 out of a total of 29,761,305 bushels. New York produces 3,904,030 bushels of buckwheat out of a total of 9,821,721. Ohio produces one-fifth of the wool raised in the United States. Kentucky grows more than half the hemp, and Mississippi takes the lead among the cotton-growing States.

Nevada.

By John Norton Loughborough

My meetings in the State of Nevada are closed for the present, and I am now on my way to Red Bluff, Cal. I have given in all twenty-four discourses at St. Clair, and one at Stillwater, besides holding a business meeting to organize the work for the State of Nevada.

A church of eleven members has been organized at St. Clair, and besides these ten have signed a covenant to keep the Sabbath with all the commandments. Of the twenty-one, nine have taken their stand since these meetings commenced.

On Sabbath, February 23, Brother Jackson Ferguson was ordained Elder of the St. Clair church. A Sabbath meeting, with Sabbath-school and Bible-class, will now be held each Sabbath, to be conducted by Brother Ferguson, and we expect others who are investigating will soon take their stand for the truth.

Sunday, the 24th, a temporary State organization was effected for the State of Nevada, of which we give a report in this paper.

The systematic benevolence pledge of the St. Clair church for 1878 is $270. Besides this the church and friends have pledged $300 to purchase and fit up a tent for the work in the State of Nevada, and they raised and paid $78 for my traveling expenses and four week's time in Nevada.

The school-teacher in the Churchill county Institute building, having himself signed the covenant to keep the Sabbath, presented the following resolution at the close of my last meeting, which was heartily endorsed by a rising vote of the audience:—

Resolved, That we give many thanks for the lectures given by the Rev. Mr. Loughborough, and earnestly entreat him to visit us again at his earliest opportunity.

The building where we held our meetings being on the great traveling thoroughfare through Churchill county, our meetings have been attended more or less by persons who were not residents at St. Clair, and thus the sound of our message has gone abroad to other parts of the county. We hope to hear of fruit from such seed sown, though it may be "after many days."

I look back with pleasure upon the month I have just spent in Nevada. May the Lord bless the people and the work there.

J. N. LOUGHBOROUGH.

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