The Holy Spirit as the Indwelling Presence of Christ

The true relationship between faith and works is a harmonious union where a living faith in Christ necessarily produces the fruit of obedience to God's law James 2:17RH November 11, 1915, par. 3+1. While salvation is a free gift of grace that cannot be earned by human merit, works serve as the vital evidence of a soul’s connection with the Redeemer Titus 3:5-7FW 19.1+1.

• Saving faith is an abiding principle that purifies the soul and leads to a character refined by the love of ChristRH November 11, 1915, par. 3+1.

• Works are not the ground or root of salvation but are the natural fruit and result of a heart that has been changed by graceGC 256.3+1.

• It is a dangerous error to believe that faith alone saves without the accompaniment of good works, as faith is made perfect by obedience James 2:22FW 89.2+1.

• True justification by faith lays the glory of man in the dust, recognizing that we are saved only through the imputed righteousness of Christ Romans 3:241SM 367.1+1.

• A living connection with God is maintained through faith and the continual surrender of the will, enabling Christ to work in the believer to will and to do His good pleasure Philippians 2:13RH November 11, 1915, par. 3+1.

Authoritative Sources

• Steps to Christ, 67, 68RH November 11, 1915, par. 3.

• Faith and Works3SM 144.1.

Christ works in the believer through the agency of the Holy Spirit, which serves as His representative to combine divine power with human effort6MR 14.2+1. This divine influence is the only power capable of transforming the soul and restoring the moral image of God in man14LtMs, Lt 133, 1899, par. 23+1.

• The Holy Spirit acts as Christ's representative on earth, breathing life-giving power into the soul and ennobling the human nature with divine attributes12LtMs, Ms 32, 1897, par. 11+1.

• Christ uses the Holy Spirit to act through the believer's own organs and faculties, provided the human will is brought into harmony with the divine willSpTA03 48.2+1.

• This partnership requires the cooperation of the human agent, as the Spirit does not replace the individual's necessity to resolve and act6MR 14.2+1.

• Heavenly angels co-operate with the Holy Spirit and human agencies, forming a connection between earth and heaven to assist in the work of salvation2MCP 756.3+1.

• By the Spirit's power, truth is carried into the inner sanctuary of the soul, enabling the believer to become a laborer together with God 1 Corinthians 3:912LtMs, Ms 46, 1897, par. 5.

• Not by human might or power, but by the Spirit of the Lord, the heart is subdued and the character is refined to reflect the image of Christ Zechariah 4:66LtMs, Ms 48, 1890, par. 5.

Authoritative Sources

6MR 14.2+1.

Christ works in the believer and manifests His personal presence through the agency of the Holy Spirit, who is the Third Person of the Godhead and the representative of Jesus HimselfDA 671.2+2. This divine agency is the means by which Christ's presence is made real to the soul, imparting spiritual life and the power of the divine nature to the human agent10LtMs, Ms 48, 1895, par. 5+1.

The Holy Spirit as the Presence of Christ

• The Holy Spirit is the Comforter that Christ promised to send, acting as His personal presence to the soulHM November 1, 1893, Art. A, par. 28.

• It is through the Spirit that Jesus infuses spiritual life, quickening the energies of the believer and cleansing them from moral defilementRH February 10, 1903, par. 6.

• This Heavenly Guest is the Spirit in all the fullness of the Godhead, making the power of divine grace manifest to all who receive Christ as a personal SaviourSpTB07 63.2+1.

• By the agency of the Spirit, the human agent becomes a partaker of the divine nature, escaping the corruption that is in the world through lust 2 Peter 1:4DA 671.2+1.

The Work of the Heavenly Trio

• There are three living persons in the heavenly trio: the Father, the Son, and the Holy SpiritBTS March 1, 1906, par. 2.

• These three great powers—the eternal heavenly dignitaries—cooperate with the obedient subjects of heaven to advance the work of salvation and convince the world of sinEv 616.4+1.

• The Godhead was stirred with pity for the fallen race, and all three persons gave themselves to the working out of the plan of redemption7ABC 442.1.

Transformation into the Divine Similitude

• The Holy Spirit is the only power capable of resisting and overcoming the strengthening power of evil in the worldDA 671.2+1.

• Under the influence of the Spirit, the heart is made pure and the character is molded after the divine patternDA 671.2+1.

• As the believer beholds Christ, the Holy Spirit changes the character day by day into the image of Christ until His likeness is reflected as in a mirror 2 Corinthians 3:18RH April 28, 1891, par. 2.

• Those who are led by the Spirit are made complete in Him who is the head of all things Colossians 2:10HM November 1, 1893, Art. A, par. 28.

...mmeasurably great. It is from this source that power and efficiency come to the worker for God; and the holy Spirit is the Comforter, as the personal presence of Christ to the soul. He who looks to Christ in simple, child-like faith, is made a partaker of the divine nature throug...— HM November 1, 1893, Art. A, par. 28 (1889)

The Lord Jesus acts through the Holy Spirit; for it is his representative. Through it he infuses spiritual life into the soul, quickening its energies for good, cleansing it...— RH February 10, 1903, par. 6 (1851)

... been strengthening for centuries, and the submission of men to this satanic captivity was amazing. Sin could be resisted and overcome only through the mighty agency of the Third Person of the Godhead, who would come with no modified energy, but in the fullness of divine power. It is the Spirit that...— DA 671.2 (1898)

The Eternal Dignitaries of the Trinity—The eternal heavenly dignitaries—God, and Christ, and the Holy Spirit—arming them [the disciples] with more tha...— Ev 616.4 (1946)

The Comforter that Christ promised to send after He ascended to heaven, is the Spirit in all the fulness of the Godhead, making manifest the power of divine grace to all who receive and believe in Christ as a personal Savi...— SpTB07 63.2 (1906)

Yes, the Holy Spirit is the third person of the Godhead and the promised Comforter who manifests the presence and life of Christ within the soulEv 615.1+1. This divine agency represents Jesus Christ and acts as an abiding presence to guide, comfort, and sustain the believer2MR 38.1+1.

The Holy Spirit as the Third Person and Comforter

• The Holy Spirit is explicitly identified as the third person of the Godhead, coming in the full power of divine energy to enable the soul to resist evilDA 671.2+1.

• This Comforter is the representative of Jesus Christ, standing by our side as a watcher, a witness, and a protector2MR 38.1+1.

• By the Spirit, Christ manifests Himself to His followers, fulfilling His promise not to leave them comfortless John 14:18DA 670.1.

• The Spirit is the highest of all gifts Christ could solicit from His Father, containing all of heaven's resources for the exaltation of His peopleDA 671.2+1.

The Spirit of Christ in the Soul

• The Holy Spirit is the regenerating agent through which the heart is made pure and the believer becomes a partaker of the divine natureHLv 450.3+1.

• When the Spirit comes into the heart by faith, it is the beginning of eternal life, as Christ infuses His own character upon the churchRH February 9, 1892, par. 21+1.

• Through this agency, Christ's holy influence keeps the heart pure and the mind energetic, checking evil and separating righteousness from unrighteousness16LtMs, Ms 50, 1901, par. 24.

• The Spirit makes effectual what was wrought out by the world’s Redeemer, impressing the image of God upon humanityHLv 450.3+1.

Omnipresence and Constant Aid

• Christ is an unseen presence in the person of the Holy Spirit, chasing away darkness and manifesting His peace in the soul12LtMs, Lt 124, 1897, par. 10.

• This divine representative is with the believer wherever they may be, fulfilling the promise: "Lo, I am with you alway, even unto the end of the world" Matthew 28:20YI August 20, 1896, par. 7.

• In times of trial, the Holy Spirit brings to remembrance the words and teachings of Christ, serving as a refuge and a shieldChL 64.1+1.

• The three great powers of the heavenly trio—the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit—are pledged to co-operate with every obedient subject in their effort to live the new life in ChristEv 615.1+1.

Yes, the Holy Spirit is the third person of the Godhead who represents Christ's person and presence, acting as His divine representative on earth while Jesus remains our High Priest in the heavenly courtsEv 616.4+2. While Christ has clothed His divinity with humanity and is a personal Saviour in heaven, the Holy Spirit is the agency through which His presence and power are brought to the believer Hebrews 1:39LtMs, Ms 37, 1894, par. 8+1.

The Representative Nature of the Holy Spirit

• The Holy Spirit is the representative of the Son of God, acting as the third person of the Godhead to carry forward the work of redemptionHLv 450.3+1.

• Christ determined to give His representative to His church as a gift that could not be excelled, ensuring that the divine Spirit would be the agency for converting and sanctifying the soulST December 1, 1898, par. 2.

• This heavenly dignitary comes with no modified energy but in the fullness of divine power to make effectual what the Redeemer wrought out for humanityDA 671.2+1.

• By this agency, Christ is able to fulfill His promise to be with His children always, even unto the end of the world Matthew 28:20MH 107.1.

Christ as a Personal Being in Heaven

• Christ is the express image of the Father’s person, and as a personal Saviour, He ascended to the heavenly places Hebrews 1:36BC 1068.5+1.

• In the plan of redemption, the Son of God took humanity upon Himself and consented to an actual union with man, which He retains in His mediatorial work17MR 26.2+1.

• While the Father is invisible to mortal sight and cannot be described by earthly things, Christ is the great ordinance by which man and God are united and commune together7BC 967.5+2.

• Jesus stands at the right hand of the Father, and although He is in the heavenly sanctuary, His presence is not confined, for through His Spirit He is with His people in every trialHLv 449.1+1.

The Divine Presence and Omnipresence

• The Holy Spirit is the means by which the soul is barricaded against satanic witchery and the atmosphere of the world1MCP 146.4+1.

• No other influence can equal the sense of God’s presence as a shield from temptation, for the Spirit brings the thought that all things are open to the eyes of Him with whom we have to do Hebrews 4:13Ed 255.3.

• God’s presence is not confined to any building; through the Spirit, He meets and blesses His servants in the forest, the humble barn, or the lonely rocks of the seaEGWSRGES 11.5+2.

• The psalmist confirms this divine omnipresence, asking where one could flee from the Spirit or the presence of the Lord, finding Him in heaven, in the grave, or the uttermost parts of the sea Psalms 139:7-10EGWSRGES 11.5.

The Cooperation of the Heavenly Trio

• The Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit are the eternal heavenly dignitaries who have pledged themselves to work in behalf of those who enter a covenant relation with GodEv 616.4+2.

• The Godhead was stirred with pity for the race, and all three persons gave themselves to the working out of the plan of salvationAUCR April 1, 1901, Art. A, par. 10+1.

• Through the Spirit, the believer is made a partaker of the divine nature, reflecting the likeness of Christ’s character and receiving the fullness of the Godhead 2 Peter 1:419MR 295.2+1.

• In Christ dwells all the fullness of the Godhead bodily, and as the Spirit impresses this character on the church, the very image of God is reproduced in humanity Colossians 2:9HLv 450.3+1.

The heavenly trio is composed of three distinct, living persons—the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit—who are the eternal heavenly dignitaries7ABC 441.9+2. While Christ is indeed the divine-human Savior who represents the Father, the Holy Spirit is the third person of the Godhead, a distinct power that makes the presence of Christ and the fullness of the Godhead effectual in the life of the believerEv 615.1+2.

The Three Living Persons of the Trio

• There are three living persons of the heavenly trio; in the name of these three great powers—the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit—those who receive Christ are baptized7ABC 441.9+1.

• These eternal heavenly dignitaries—God, and Christ, and the Holy Spirit—arm the disciples with more than mortal energy to convince the world of sinEv 616.4.

• The Godhead was stirred with pity for the race, and the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit gave themselves to the working out of the plan of redemption7ABC 441.9.

• The three powers of the Godhead have pledged their might to carry out the purpose of God in giving His Son to the world22LtMs, Ms 149, 1907, par. 3.

The Nature and Person of Christ

• Jesus Christ is the only begotten Son of God, who was one with the Father from the beginningST May 28, 1894, par. 1+1.

• He is the brightness of the Father's glory and the express image of His person Hebrews 1:311LtMs, Lt 24, 1896, par. 19.

• In His person, Christ unites the fullness and perfection of the Godhead with the fullness and perfection of sinless humanity18MR 331.4+1.

• He became "the man Christ Jesus," the one mediator between God and man 1 Timothy 2:510LtMs, Ms 20, 1895, par. 5.

• While in His human nature He suffered the agonies of Calvary, in Him dwells all the fullness of the Godhead bodily Colossians 2:9RH April 4, 1899, par. 12+1.

The Agency and Person of the Holy Spirit

• The Holy Spirit is the Third Person of the Godhead, who comes with no modified energy, but in the fullness of divine powerHLv 450.3+2.

• The Spirit is the Comforter that Christ promised to send after His ascension, and He is the Spirit in all the fullness of the Godhead1888 1076.3+1.

• It is the Holy Spirit who overcomes the prince of the power of evil, for sin can be resisted and overcome only through this mighty agencyHLv 450.3+2.

• The Spirit proceeds from the only begotten Son of God to bind the human agent to the divine-human nature of ChristRH April 5, 1906, par. 16.

• Through the Spirit, Christ gives the breath of His own spirit and the life of His own life to those who consecrate themselves to GodDA 827.3.

Divine Unity and Practical Experience

• To know the only true God and Jesus Christ whom He has sent is the very definition of eternal life John 17:31888 1076.3+1.

• The Holy Spirit reveals the working of the divine Spirit on the human heart, taking of the things of Christ and showing them to the believer John 16:142MR 34.2+1.

• By the Spirit, the heart is made pure and the believer becomes a partaker of the divine nature 2 Peter 1:4DA 671.2+1.

• The three great powers of heaven pledge themselves to be the efficiency of all who submit to baptism and faithfully keep their vows6MR 27.1.

• Those who reject the testimony of the Scriptures concerning the deity of Christ cannot have a true conception of the plan of redemption7ABC 440.2+1.

When the expression "that power is Christ" is used, it refers specifically to the divine agency of the Lord Jesus Christ as the only sufficient force capable of enabling the human soul to resist the innate bent to evil and attain to moral and spiritual perfection20MR 129.5+2. While every person possesses a basic perception of right and a desire for goodness, there is a struggling antagonistic power in human nature that no person can overcome unaidedTEd 21.1+1. This "power" is the personal, life-giving energy of Christ Himself, who dwells in the believer to guide their desires and provide the strength necessary to repulse Satan and his host1T 341.1+1.

This divine power of Christ is the primary essential for man's salvation and restoration to the moral image of GodRH July 19, 1898, par. 19+1. It is described as a supernatural element brought into weak and wicked human nature to cast out the control of the enemy and change natural tendencies and habits1888 1319.1. Furthermore, this power is not merely a passive influence but an active, creative force that gives life to the soul "dead in trespasses and sins," breaking the dominion of evil and setting the believer free from the law of sin and deathDA 209.3. Cooperation with this power is identified as man’s greatest need and should be the highest aim in all educational and spiritual effortsTEd 21.1+1.

...of the eating of the tree of knowledge of good and evil is manifest in every man's experience. There is in his nature a bent to evil, a force which, unaided, he cannot resist. To withstand this force, to attain that ideal which in his inmost soul he accepts as alone worthy, he can find help in but one power. That power is Christ. Co-operation with that power is man's greatest need. In all educational effort should not this...— Ed 29.1 (1903)

...squo;s experience. There is in our nature a bent to evil, a force which, unaided, we cannot resist. To withstand this force, to attain that ideal which in our inmost soul we accept as alone worthy, we can find help in but one power. That power is Christ. Cooperation with that power is our greatest need. In all educational effort should not this coopera...— TEd 21.1 (2000)

We are to despair at nothing in the line of progression. Moral and spiritual perfection through the grace and power of Christ, is promised to all who believe. At every step we are to call for the help of Christ. He is the model we are to follow in character-...— 20MR 129.5 (1993)

Fallen man is Satan's lawful captive. The mission of Jesus Christ was to rescue him from his power. Man is naturally inclined to follow Satan's suggestions, and he cannot of himself successfully resist so terrible a foe, unless Christ, the mighty Conqueror, dw...— 4bSG 100.1 (1864)

...the Spirit and principle of the holy law of God, and conform their life to the character of Christ. A new power takes possession of the new heart. Man can never work out this change for himself. It is a supernatural work, bringing a supernatural element into weak and wicked human nature. This power will cast out the de...— 1888 1319.1 (1987)

Yes, the power and grace of Jesus imparted to the believer are indeed equivalent to the indwelling of the Holy Spirit, which is the Spirit of Christ working within the soul18MR 86.4+1. This divine agency is the means by which the life and character of the Savior are reproduced in the human agent, transforming the heart and providing the necessary strength for a life of holinessPK 233.2+1.

The Indwelling Spirit as Christ's Presence

• The life of a true believer reveals an indwelling Savior, and this presence is made manifest through the Holy Spirit18MR 86.4.

• The follower of Jesus is Christlike in spirit, temper, meekness, and humility because of this indwelling grace7T 67.2.

• Through the Holy Spirit, Christ provides a new nature and a new principle of life, expelling enmity and unbelief from the heart14MR 106.2.

• This indwelling of His Spirit enables believers to reveal Christ’s likeness to the world5MR 132.3+1.

• The soul needs divine grace just as the body needs air; apart from this union with Christ through the Spirit, man is helplessST December 10, 1896, par. 2.

Grace and Power as the Agency of the Spirit

• The grace of God is the helper and strength that works in the heart through the Holy Spirit to form a character after the divine similitude2MR 9.2.

• By receiving power from on high, which is the gentle touch of grace, the soul is changed from enmity to loveGW 46.1.

• Christ dispenses His blessings in rich currents of grace and power through the administration of His Spirit to meet the needs of His childrenST May 20, 1897, par. 16+1.

• The Holy Spirit molds and fashions human agencies, leading them to use their abilities in cooperation with Christ18LtMs, Ms 102, 1903, par. 9.

• This power is a regenerating force that renovates the soul and increases the vitality of the entire beingRH January 14, 1902, Art. A, par. 8.

The Transforming Work of Imparted Grace

• The power of truth and the grace of Christ transform the whole character into the image of Christ14MR 106.2.

• Weak and erring men and women show the world that the redeeming power of grace can cause a faulty character to develop into symmetry and fruitfulnessPK 233.2.

• As believers receive grace from the Savior to impart to others, a tide of spiritual life flows from their being 1 Corinthians 15:57CH 209.2.

• The Holy Spirit works in the heart to will and to do of God's good pleasure, clothe the believer in His righteousness, and fill the soul with a longing for holiness Philippians 2:13ST October 3, 1892, par. 6.

• Through the indwelling of the grace of Christ, believers become living epistles, known and read of all men20MR 322.2+1.

Cooperation with the Divine Agency

• God has pledged that the power and grace of the Father, the Son, and the Holy Spirit will come to the aid of every tempted soul Matthew 28:1920LtMs, Lt 211, 1905, par. 14.

• We must surrender mind, heart, and strength wholly to the quickening influence of the Holy Spirit to receive this divine mold1888 870.1.

• The measure of the Holy Spirit received is proportionate to the desire and faith exercised and the willingness to impart that light to othersHL 305.4.

• Human weakness becomes united to divine strength through faith, giving the victory over sin 1 Corinthians 15:57TR 23.1.

• By beholding the matchless love of Christ, the selfish heart is melted and subdued by the Spirit's powerCOL 394.4.

Galatians 4:6

6 And because ye are sons, God hath sent forth the Spirit of his Son into your hearts, crying, Abba, Father.

Colossians 1:27

27 To whom God would make known what is the riches of the glory of this mystery among the Gentiles; which is Christ in you, the hope of glory:

The phrase "Christ in you, the hope of glory" is the great theme of the gospel and refers to the indwelling of the Holy Spirit, who is the divine representative of Christ and the promised ComforterCET 246.1+1. The "third person of the Godhead" is indeed the agency through which God sends the "Spirit of His Son" into the hearts of believers, enabling them to cry "Abba, Father" and confirming their adoption into the royal family of heaven Galatians 4:64MR 329.5+1.

The Mystery of Christ in You

• The mystery hidden from ages is now made manifest to the saints as "Christ in you, the hope of glory" Colossians 1:278MR 273.1.

• This experience is the very essence of Christianity, representing a vital connection where Christ's own spiritual life is communicated to the soulHBS 257.5+1.

• To have Christ formed within means that His circulating vitality and sanctified love flow through every part of our human natureHL 301.2.

• This indwelling is accomplished by the Holy Spirit, who acts as a regenerating agent to recreate the image of God in manDA 478.2+1.

• The preaching of the gospel is fundamentally the preaching of this mystery—the incarnation of Christ's life within human beingsARSH August 2, 1892, page 482.9.

The Holy Spirit as the Spirit of the Son

• The Holy Spirit is the Third Person of the Godhead, who comes in the fullness of divine power to restrain and resist the essence of evilTM 392.2+1.

• God sends the Spirit of His Son into the hearts of those who receive the gospel, changing them from servants into sons and heirs Galatians 4:4-7LBG 60.2.

• By receiving this Spirit of adoption, the believer is released from the spirit of bondage and fear, gaining the privilege to cry, "Abba, Father" Romans 8:151MR 121.2+1.

• This relationship is so distinct and full that it is as if there were not another soul on earth for whom God gave His beloved SonTe 104.2+1.

• The Comforter is sent in the name of Jesus to teach all things and bring the words of Christ to remembrance, serving as an abiding presence that can never be separated from the believer by distance or circumstancePr 62.4+1.

A Divine Family Relationship

• Through the Spirit of His Son, we are brought into a family relationship with Christ and adopted as members of the royal family20MR 337.1+1.

• The great God teaches us to call Him Father, yearning over us with more tenderness than a mother for her childGW92 407.2+1.

• As children of God, we are joint heirs with Christ, and the Father loves us even as He loves His only-begotten SonST August 8, 1892, par. 2+1.

• This union with the divine nature frees the soul from spiritual feebleness, pride, and selfishness, preparing the character for the sinless family above1SAT 379.1+1.

• The presence of this Spirit in the heart is the seal of righteousness and the assurance of an immortal inheritance in the kingdom of GodST June 18, 1896, par. 7+1.

The Holy Spirit is the divine agency through which the presence and life of the Lord Jesus Christ are manifested in the soul of the believer9MR 239.2+1. Having an indwelling Saviour is identical to being filled with the power of the Spirit, which allows a person to live a life rich in good works and reflects the very character of Christ2SM 485.4+1. This spiritual power is implanted within us as a source of life that flows out in holy words and actionsTM 390.2+1. The presence of the Spirit in the heart is the evidence that Christ is abiding in the soul by faith, and this union transforms the character to be like the Redeemer5T 436.2+1. It is our highest privilege to surrender our entire being to be used as a temple for this indwelling presence, which brings the softness, beauty, and sweetness of Jesus into our daily livesMYP 420.2+1.

... that would lead man to look for salvation from any other source than that pointed out in the Word. Only through Christ can men, sunken in sin and degradation, be led to a higher life. Theories that do not recognize the atonement that has been made for sin, and the work that the Holy...— 9MR 239.2 (1990)

...nergy and hope He greets those for whom He has given His life. In His strength they can live a life rich in good works, filled with the power of the Spirit.—Testimonies for the Church 7:225— 2SM 485.4 (1958)

...e does not possess. The daily life must be an expression of the sanctifying power of the truth, and evidence that Christ is abiding in the soul by faith. Whatever is opposed to the fruits of the Spirit, or to the work of God in separating His people fr...— 5T 436.2 (1889)

...mnant of your life in reforming and elevating the character. A new life begins in the renewed soul. Christ is the indwelling Saviour. That which may be regarded as hard to give up must be yielded. The overbearing, dictatorial word m...— 4T 345.3 (1885)

The life of the true believer reveals an indwelling Saviour. The follower of Jesus is Christlike in spirit and in temper. Like Christ, he is meek and humble. H...— 7T 67.2 (1902)

... living water to refresh the thirsting soul. It is our privilege to have a living, abiding Saviour. He is the source of spiritual power implanted within us, and His influence will flow forth in words and actions, refreshing all within the sphere of our in...— TM 390.2 (1923)

... doing would have this precious transforming grace of Jesus Christ. Then there would be the blessed enlightenment from the face of Jesus Christ that would represent an indwelling Jesus. Oh, how much more we might enjoy of the Spirit and power of God if we would only surrender mind, h...— 7LtMs, Ms 40, 1891, par. 19

Christ’s gracious presence in His Word is every speaking to the soul, representing Him as a well of living water to refresh the thirsting. It is our privilege to have a living, abiding Saviour. He is the s...— 11LtMs, Lt 40, 1896, par. 8

...he gospel refines, ennobles, and elevates, sanctifying the judgment and influencing the whole life. In true believers of the gospel, Christ is revealed as an abiding Presence— 17LtMs, Ms 60, 1902, par. 18