THE first necessity of life is air to breathe; and the best way and the safest way to prevent disease is to breathe fresh, natural air, and plenty of it, all our life. This, no doubt, in the present day, is an impossibility, because man is a social being, and the precept, "Love thy neighbor as thyself," is implanted in his constitution. I mean that so much of the happiness and health of each individual depends on the habits, practices, and opinions of the society in which he lives, that he cannot reap the full benefit of his own advancement until similar principles have been embraced and realized in practice by his fellow-men. A moment's thought will be sufficient to convince of this truth. While some draught-dreading hypochondriac insists on having every inlet of fresh air closed, other persons will be compelled to breathe the same contaminated, unrefreshing atmosphere; for breathe we must. Respiration is the first sign of independent life, and the incessant rise and fall of the chest continues to remind us that life exists. The process of breathing enables the blood to clear away the old rubbish of the fabric piece by piece, and put down new life-giving materials. Air, pure in quality and large in quantity, is necessary to keep us in health. How much I wish I could see this important lesson carried out practically to a larger extent. Our dwellings should be so constructed at all times as to admit a supply of fresh air, and an outlet should be provided for the escape of the deteriorated air.
There is no room to doubt that many diseases are caused and favored through constantly neglecting to admit this great and good physician into our homes. Without air no animal or vegetable could exist. For want of a due supply of it, the mind and body of man suffer; headache, faintness, weariness, craving for stimulants, and colds may all be produced by breathing air which has been rendered impure.
Some persons examine the heavens, others the earth, others the creatures that live upon the earth, and they may all gain a great amount of knowledge by their examinations; but to "know thyself" is more important than all; for though a man gain the whole world, and possess not health of body and mind, it profiteth him nothing.—House and Home.
That Little “Black Devil.”
HE hates both God and man. He is an “unclean” spirit. Last year he robbed God of over four hundred millions of dollars, in this country alone. In our meeting last Thursday evening one man out of whom he had been cast said that he had ruined his teeth, injured his lungs, and robbed him of over five hundred dollars, besides the interest on it. Another comparatively young man testified that he had lost eight hundred dollars besides the interest, through his diabolic agency.
He dims the eyes, injures the throat, unstrings the nerves, benumbs the brain, pollutes the breath, poisons the blood, sows the seeds of dyspepsia, heart disease, consumption, and cancers in the system, and then laughs as his victim tries to escape from his clutches. Selfishness, stinginess, peevishness, slavishness, and filthiness, all delight to call him “Father.” Drunkenness is his own pet nephew. Strong Drink is his twin brother.
Inconsistent as it may seem, he sometimes comes to church, and has often persuaded professed followers of Christ to pay more for his support than for all benevolent purposes combined. His friends usually feel “too poor” to take a religious paper. Like wicked men and other “devils” he is to be annihilated at the end of the world. He can never enter Heaven, for it is written that “no unclean thing can enter there.” His name is Tobacco. Christ can cast him out. Will you let him?—Sel.
News and Notes.
By Editor
RELIGIOUS.
—General Booth reports the income of the Salvation Army to be $1,600,000.
—The First Baptist Church, Albany, N. Y., has a meeting-house and lot that cost $100,000.
—The Spiritualists of San Francisco have organized under the name of the First Spiritual Church.
—The Norwegian Lutherans, in the United States, number 140,000, and they have sixteen church papers.
—The Baptist Missionary Union needs $190,000 in the balance of this financial year, so as to show no debt.
—Rev. T. L. Cuyler has completed the twenty-fifth year of his pastorate of the Lafayette Avenue church, Brooklyn, N. Y.
—The Protestant population of Germany has increased by 500,000 in the last ten years, but only two new churches have been built.
—The first German Baptist Church in this country was organized in Newark, N. J., in 1842. There are now 139 German Baptist Churches, with a membership of 12,000.
—Mr. Wm. Bucknell has presented to the Philadelphia Episcopal City Mission his beautiful residence at Chestnut Hill, valued at $75,000, for a home for consumptives.
—A practical theological seminary has been started in Norway to prepare missionaries to send with their emigrants. For this purpose suitable buildings are being erected in Christiana.
—The Congregational News, of Nebraska, publishes a list of all the Congregational Churches in the state, and sets a black spot opposite each one that does not contribute to any of the benevolent societies of church work.
—Some Hebrew converts, six males and one female, were recently baptized at St. Paul's Church, Huggerstone, London, by the Rev. M. Rosenthal, who has baptized some one hundred and forty during the last five years.
—The Presbyterian Church has at present fifteen Indian missions among the following tribes: Senecas, Chippewas, Omahas, Creeks, Dakotas, Seminoles, and Nez Perces. These missions have an aggregate of 1,256 communicants. They also have ten schools, with an aggregate of 389 scholars.
—The Moravians have now 114 mission stations, 284 European missionaries, 41 natives, and 1,575 assistants, half of whom are British subjects; 79,021 members, 16,590 scholars in 211 day schools, and 13,604 in 89 Sunday-schools. Some of these missionaries have become slaves to teach slaves.
—In the church of the United Brethren, two parties have been developed, and a contest is going on over the clause in the Discipline which declares that no member shall belong to a secret society. One pastor announces in the Telescope that he will no longer enforce the rule, and if this be treason the church can make the most of it.
—The Presbyterian Church in Wales, according to the Freeman, has made for itself an unenviable name for contracting debts. While the church communicants number only about 125,000, the chapel debts amount to about $12,500 on an average for each member. In fifty-one churches the debts average from $50 to $100 per member, and there are twenty more where the average ranges from $100 to $300.
—A London paper says: "There are, in the Church of England, more than one thousand clergymen members of the notorious Confraternity of the Blessed Sacrament, the chief objects of which are the propagation of the doctrine of the mass and the real presence, together with fasting, communion, prayers for the dead, the reserved sacrament, and the reunion of the church of England with the church of Rome."
—The number of Congregational Churches which gave over $10,000 each for benevolence during the past year is twenty-six, and their aggregate gifts amounted to $483,530. Fifteen of the number are in New England, and gave in the aggregate $261,368; four are in New York City and Brooklyn, and gave $66,559; seven are in the West, and gave $155,608. The largest amount was given by Plymouth Church, of Minneapolis, which gave $43,108; the second largest amount was by the First Church of New York City, which gave $26,974; and the third, the Pilgrim Church, of St. Louis, giving $24,814.
California T. and M. Society.
By Wm. Ings
THE State Quarterly Meeting of the California T. and M. Society will be held in connection with the General Meeting in Oakland, April 24-30, 1885. The President, Elder Haskell, will be present at this meeting, and important matters in connection with the missionary work, will be considered. It is very desirable that the districts be generally represented.
WM. INGS, Vice-Pres.
Notice—Report.
By J. D. Rice
WE send this week the regular quarterly blanks to the churches in this Conference. If any fail to receive them in due time, please notify me promptly and I will forward others. It is very important that we have full reports, each quarter, from each company of commandment keepers. From some we received no reports last quarter. To such we send extra blanks at this time. Let all those who have been selected to attend to the interests of the different churches be faithful to their appointed duties and see to it that reports are promptly made to us.
Be “diligent in business, . . . serving the Lord.”
My address is, Williams, Colusa County, Cal.
J. D. RICE,
Sec. Cal. Conference.
Obituary.
By G. W. Colcord
PAGE.—Died, near Garfield, W. T., Feb. 3, 1885, of lung fever, Ira V., son of S. T. and M. E. Page, aged 2 years, 9 months, and 23 days. Little Ira was ill only a few days; then closed his eyes in death. Many friends attended the funeral. Text, Jer. 31: 16.
G. W. COLCORD.
Publishers' Department.
By Editor
WE send no papers from this office without pay in advance, unless by special arrangement. When persons receive copies without ordering them, they are sent by other parties, and we can give no information in regard to them. Persons thus receiving copies of the SIGNS are not indebted to the office, and will not be called upon for pay. Please read the papers and hand them to your friends to read.
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OUR GENERAL AGENTS.
Michigan—Miss Hattie House, care Review and Herald, Battle Creek, Mich.
New England—Mrs. E. T. Palmer, N. E. Tract Repository, South Lancaster, Mass.
North Pacific—Mrs. C. L. Boyd, East Portland, Oregon.
England—The Present Truth, 72 Heneage Street, Great Grimsby, Eng.
Norway—Eld. J. G. Matteson, Akersveren No. 2, Christiania, Norway.
Switzerland—B. L. Whitney, care Les Signes des Temps, Bale, Suisse.
Hawaiian Islands—L. A. Scott, Honolulu, H. I.
International Tract and Missionary Society.
THE International Tract and Missionary Society was organized Aug. 13, 1874. It has furnished health and religious publications to co-operative missions and individuals in every State and Territory in the United States, and to every civilized nation on the globe. During 1883-84 it placed in free public libraries in this country over 10,000 volumes of standard religious books, at a cost of over $10,000, two-thirds of which was donated by other funds and the publishers. It has also placed valuable books in many libraries in England, Australia, the United States, and supplied reading-rooms with health and religious periodicals.
Free reading and lecture-room, 914 Laguna Street, San Francisco, Cal., from which place all ships are visited which enter that harbor. Andrew Brorsen and H. C. Palmer, city missionaries. C. R. Robbins, ship missionary.
Book and tract depository at 1059 Castro Street, Oakland, Cal., where will be kept constantly on hand Health and Temperance publications to furnish co-operative missions and branch offices on the Pacific Coast, Australia, New Zealand, and Asia. Address, Anna L. Ingels, care of Pacific Press, Oakland, Cal.
Free reading-room on L Street, near corner of Fifth, East Portland, Oregon. H. W. Reed, ship missionary.
Free reading-room, 113 Pearl Street, Portland, Maine Elder S. J. Hersum, superintendent.
Free reading and lecture-room, 744 Broadway, New York City, where it will keep constantly on hand Health and Temperance publications to furnish co-operating missions and branch offices on the Atlantic Coast and in Europe. Ships visiting this harbor are supplied with reading matter. M. B. Patterson, manager and city missionary.
Free reading and lecture-room, 21 Boylston Place, Boston, Mass. A. T. Robinson, city missionary. Ship missionary, C W. Priest, 191 Atlantic Avenue.
Free reading-room, 148 High Street, Providence, R. I. H. B. Tucker, manager.
The mission work at Worcester, Mass., is in charge of J. R. Israel. Public services are held at 26 Chandler Street, each Sabbath, at 1:30 P. M.; Sunday, at 7 P. M., Bible-reading; Wednesday at 7 P. M., prayer-meeting.
Free reading-room at No. 330 North Eighth Street (second floor), Philadelphia, Pa., Elder D. T. Fero, resident manager. Rooms open from 2 to 7:30 P. M. Preaching or Bible-reading every evening except Mondays and Saturdays.
Parlor reading and lecture-rooms at 13 West Huron Street, Buffalo, N. Y., open from 2:30 to 9 P. M. Alex. Gleason, superintendent.
Parlor reading and lecture-rooms, 52 Crouse Building, Warren Street, Syracuse, N. Y. N. J. Walsworth, resident manager.
Free reading-room at 219 West Madison Street, Chicago; Room 2, second floor. Eld. Geo. B. Starr and James Sawyer, managers.
Mission and free reading-room at 2339 Chestnut Street, St. Louis, Mo., N. W. Allen, superintendent.
Free reading-room and book depository, No. 32 Cherry Street, Indianapolis, Ind. A. W. Bartlett, superintendent.
The ship work at Liverpool, England, is under the charge of Geo. R. Drew, 32 Grange Road, Birkenhead, Cheshire; J. H. Durland, Southampton. Tract and book depository, 72 Heneage Street, Great Grimsby, Eng., in charge of Miss Jennie Thayer.
Free reading-room, tract and book depository, at 189 Nuuanu Avenue, Honolulu, H. I. L. A. Scott, city missionary; A. LaRue, ship missionary.
Branch societies are being organized in all parts of the United States and Europe. The New York State branch has its offices and depository at Rome, N. Y. E. W. Whitney, President; Miss May Taylor, Secretary.
At the above-mentioned places the public are cordially invited.
The society is sustained by the liberalities of friends of missions. Donations by draft or otherwise will be thankfully received and gratefully acknowledged by any of the above-mentioned agents, or Miss M. L. Huntley, Secretary, South Lancaster, Mass., U. S. A.
S. N. HASKELL, President.
THE NATURE AND TENDENCY OF MODERN SPIRITUALISM.
By ELD. J. H. WAGGONER.
THIS is a thorough expose of the system of Spiritualism. The author has carefully studied the subject, and has given such copious extracts from a large library of Spiritualist publications, as to fully condemn them in their teachings and in their practices, by their own testimony.
It is also shown from the prophetic scriptures that Spiritualism is one of the most impressive signs of the times.
184 pp. Price, 20 cents.
Address, SIGNS OF THE TIMES, Oakland, Cal.
THOUGHTS ON REVELATION, CRITICAL AND PRACTICAL.
By ELD. U. SMITH.
THIS work presents every verse in the book of Revelation, with such remarks as serve to illustrate or explain the meaning of the text. It is a new and harmonious exposition of that important book, and is designed to create an interest in its study.
416 pp. Price, $1.25.
Address, SIGNS OF THE TIMES, Oakland, Cal.
New Postal Rates.
By Editor
THE following important changes in rates of postage will take effect July 1, 1885:—
1. The weight of all single-rate letters is increased from one-half ounce each or fraction thereof, to one ounce each or fraction thereof. The same increase of weight is allowed for drop letters, whether mailed at stations where there is a free delivery or where carrier service is not established.
2. All newspapers sent from the office of publication, including sample copies, or when sent from a news agency to actual subscribers thereto, or to other news agents, shall be entitled to transmission at one cent per pound or fraction thereof, the postage to be prepaid. This is a reduction of one-half from existing rates.
3. Any article in a newspaper or other publication may be marked for observation, except by written or printed words, without increase of postage.
RECEIPTS.
By Editor
NOTICE.—The change of figures on the address labels will be in all cases a sufficient receipt for money sent for the paper. If these changes do not appear in due time, and if books ordered by mail are not received, please notify us. All other business is acknowledged below.
CALIFORNIA CONFERENCE FUND.—Bro Wymark, per A LaRue $10, Healdsburg church $120.70, San Jose church $7.65.
HEALDSBURG COLLEGE.—Emma Hardy $5.
AUSTRALIAN MISSION.—H C Miller $25.
CASH RECEIVED ON ACCOUNT.—North Pacific T and M Society $360, Tennessee T and M Society $16, Iowa T and M Society $138.35, W A Young $4.20.
EUROPEAN MISSION.—H C Miller $25.
CHURCH DEBT FUND.—Eugene Frisbie $20.
CALIFORNIA T AND M SOCIETY.—Josie L Cochran $2.25, Mrs Bertha Stein 75c, M A Lee 25c, H S Tay $1, Lillie Ball $7.50, S E Caine $1, Mrs E Bryant $8.50, Mrs Jane Dallimore $3, Frank Colver $1.60, S S Lenox $2, District No 4, per Miss Ellen Simons $7.30.
ORDERS FORWARDED.
By Editor
BOOKS SENT BY FREIGHT.—Review and Herald, A H Beaumont.
BOOKS SENT BY EXPRESS.—George Vickery, T J Frost, Lizzie A Stone, Review and Herald, Mrs A T Brown, E T Palmer.
HISTORY OF THE WALDENSES.
By J. A. Wylie
By J. A. Wylie, LL.D.
ILLUSTRATED BY TWENTY FULL-PAGE ENGRAVINGS.
THIS work describes the conflicts waged by the Waldenses, and the martyrdoms they endured in defense of their faith and their liberty. Recent events have brought the Waldenses to notice, and thrown a new light upon the grandeur of their struggle and the important issues which have flowed from it. To them are we to trace the Constitutional liberties that Italy now enjoys. In their mountain fastnesses they maintained the faith of the early Christians, and by their untiring missionary labors this faith was diffused to all the nations of Europe, thus preparing the way for the great Reformation. 212 pp. Price, 90 cts.
Address,
SIGNS OF THE TIMES, Oakland, Cal.
Or, REVIEW AND HERALD, Battle Creek, Mich.
The Signs of the Times.
By Editor
OAKLAND, CAL., FIFTH-DAY, APRIL 2, 1885.
REMEMBER our meetings in April. Prepare your proxies for the Publishing Association if you cannot come. But we would rather see you than to receive your proxy.
WE frequently receive inquiries why we should not commune with denominations which do not keep the commandments, the fourth included. We have noticed these queries a number of times; and now we ask the privilege of reversing the order for a season. Will some of our friends please give us a reason why we should?
To F. B.—We cannot see how anybody can be troubled in regard to the two deaths referred to in the notes on the lesson for March 7. After speaking of “the second death,” Rev. 21:8, the note says: “In Adam all die,” both righteous and wicked, old men and little children; and “so in Christ shall all be made alive.” We marvel that any of our readers should query for a moment whether we teach that all, both righteous and wicked, old men and little children, die the second death! The note distinctly says that Christ raises all to life, “because no one is to blame for being the descendant of Adam, and thus mortal. When all have been made alive, it will be seen who are worthy to have life continued to them, and those who have died in their iniquity shall die the second time.” The fact that Rev. 21:8 and 1 Cor. 15:22 are both quoted in a paragraph which speaks of two deaths, affords no ground for any to say that we connect these two texts.
Sabbath-School Convention.
By Editor
AN important part of our April meeting will be our Sabbath-school Convention. Every officer and teacher in every school in the State ought to be present at that time. They who can come but do not come will certainly show a great lack of interest in the work, for the occasion cannot fail to be one of profit to every Sabbath-school worker, and to the work. Our people have not paid as much attention to such conventions as they ought. Let us begin to remedy the matter. Come to spend a day or two for this purpose. We must do more for the young.
Temperance and Politics.
By Editor
A MAN in Wisconsin notices our item headed “Prohibition in Politics,” and gives it as his opinion that our remark is very unchristian! We cannot say that he is not perfectly consistent in his estimate, because we have no means of knowing by what rule he measures Christianity. Some people have great confidence in the potency of the name, “A New Party,” but if they can get up a new party which will have a voting majority in the United States, and all be high-toned Christian-principled men, we are anxious to know whence their voters are to come. We can readily see how a party may suddenly become popular among demagogues and office-seekers, if it appears that it is likely to win. But how long then will it remain “a reform party”?
We still insist that the cause of temperance will be best served by keeping it out of “party politics,” and working up the prohibition sentiment among men of all parties. A political triumph is uncertain, and may be of brief duration, because there is necessarily a strife for party supremacy every few years. But if prohibition is adopted by members of both parties without their yielding their party preferences, then there will be no such danger of reversing the decision at the next election. And we must insist that there is nothing unchristian in the expression of such an opinion.
“California Day.”
By Editor
THE managers of the World’s Exposition in New Orleans have set apart THURSDAY, MAY 7, as a day for the reception of the representatives of the Government, and of the people of California. Interesting ceremonies are promised. Californians who intend to visit the Exposition will find this their best opportunity, as “The lowest possible limited excursion rates” are offered to parties for that occasion.
We hear good reports from the California exhibits. They who wish to form a correct idea of the resources of the country—of the whole country,—and see for themselves what each State produces, will find their desires abundantly gratified by a visit to this truly marvelous Exposition.
In the report of our visit to the Exposition we could notice only disagreeable weather, for there was no other during that time, and we were informed that there had been only wet, unpleasant weather for more than a month. Now the weather is said to be most enjoyable, and this gives everything a different cast to the eye of the visitor.
We also had to report a sad state of unreadiness which greatly marred the pleasure of the view. But we learn that all work is completed, and everything is in order in and around the buildings.
It is difficult to realize the magnitude of this Exposition. The main building occupies thirty-three acres, and is said to be the largest building ever erected under one roof. The different buildings together cover ninety acres. Ninety acres of brilliant show, where every turn and step gives a new view, is a wonderful spectacle. It seems almost as impossible to take in everything as to exhaust the combination of views in a kaleidoscope. We do not expect to ever see its like.
“Is It Peace?”
By Editor
It is suggested in Germany that an International Congress be held, composed of delegates from all nations, to devise means to repress anarchists, and to establish systems of detective work, and to consider and to act upon many other points of international interest. Among other things specified is that of “Roman Catholic Church questions.” We shall not be at all surprised if Roman Catholic Church questions will greatly agitate all the nations not long hence. And the thought is further suggested to us that if such a Congress is formed it will be an effectual means of involving all the nations in trouble, when trouble comes, as it surely will. The elements of strife and discord are stirred, and will not be allayed. Men may preach “peace and safety” all they please; but the description given by the apostle James of true wisdom will hold good as a rule everywhere: “First pure, then peaceable.” Preachers talk peace; songsters sing peace; and prognosticators promise peace; but all the nations go forward in preparations for war all the same. The reign of peace will not come until the Prince of peace himself shall come, and all belligerent nations shall be overthrown.
The Skating Rink.
By Editor
THE clergy and physicians are uniting in their protest against the skating rink; the physicians on account of the injury done to health on the roller skates, especially to the health of girls, and the clergy on account of the greater injury done to the morals of both sexes. From the best information we can obtain (for we were never at one) we believe they are proving a curse to every community where they exist; and we advise parents to keep their children away from them. We have thought much over this matter, and now make this statement from a sense of duty.
Stockholders’ Meeting.
By S. C. Stickney
PURSUANT to Article 6, Section 2, of the By-laws of the Pacific Seventh-day Adventist Publishing Association, the tenth annual meeting of the stockholders of said Association will be held at the Office of the Pacific Press, corner of Castro and 12th Streets, Oakland, Cal., on Monday, April 27, 1885, at 9:30 A. M., for the purpose of electing a Board of five Directors, and transacting such other business as may come before the meeting.
S. C. STICKNEY, Secretary
THE SPIRIT OF GOD: ITS OFFICES AND MANIFESTATIONS TO THE END OF THE CHRISTIAN AGE.
By Ellet Joseph Waggoner
BY ELD. J. H. WAGGONER.
THIS is a brief but comprehensive argument on the solemn and important subject of the Spirit of God. Its chapters embrace the following heads: The Holy Spirit of Promise; The Power from on High; Circumcision of the Heart; The Unity of the Faith; The Law and the Testimony; Try the Spirits; The Great Commission; Gifts in the Reformation; In the Present Century; Spirit of Prophecy Restored. These are subjects of vital importance to all, and especially to those who are looking for the return of their Lord.
144 pp. Price, 15 cents.
Address, SIGNS OF THE TIMES, Oakland, Cal.
Or, REVIEW AND HERALD, Battle Creek, Mich.
THE SIGNS OF THE TIMES,
PUBLISHED WEEKLY, AT OAKLAND, CAL., FOR THE
International Tract and Missionary Society.
A sixteen-page Religious Family Paper, devoted to a discussion of the Prophecies, Signs of the Times, Second Coming of Christ, Harmony of the Law and Gospel; with Departments devoted to Temperance, The Home Circle, the Missionary Work, and the Sabbath-school.
Price Per Year, . . . . . . $2.00
In Clubs of five or more copies to one address, to be used in Missionary Work, . . . . . . 1.50
Address
SIGNS OF THE TIMES,
Twelfth and Castro Streets, OAKLAND, CAL.
Political Off Years
By Editor
WE seem to be having a couple of “off years” in the political world. There was a general upheaval in 1884, and thus far in 1885 the office-seekers seem to have a harder time than during the late campaign. But everything appears to move along just as smoothly, for there is no class whose disappointments excite less pity than those of office-seekers.
Correction on Negro Melodies
By Editor
To THE California Christian Advocate we would say that we may have been misled by the title, “Negro Melodies.” We are willing, yes, glad to believe that they were unexceptionable in style and influence. And we make this correction with pleasure, for we should be very sorry to get the reputation of exaggerating the follies of church sociables and donation parties! We lay no claim to an imagination so far reaching.
Farm Worker Wanted
An industrious, steady Sabbath-keeper, who can do general farm work, may find a situation by applying to John Custer, Napa, Cal.
Progress of the Work in East Portland
By Editor
THE following notice regarding the progress of the work in East Portland, Oregon, is from the Oregonian:—
“The increase and prosperity of the Seventh-day Adventists in East Portland have induced several changes and improvements to the church building on G Street, between Tenth and Eleventh. Two-fifths, or sixteen feet of the building heretofore arranged into rooms for special purposes, have been added to the auditorium by removal of the partitions, its area now being 30x40 ft. Other improvements consist of a new pulpit and new pews, and the plastering and painting of the walls. A couple of weeks will witness the rearranged interior in its finished and beautiful form. Money has also been subscribed for an organ, which has been ordered from an Eastern firm. About $100 worth of reading matter in the interest of this church is now distributed gratuitously every month in East Portland and vicinity. Elder Charles L. Boyd, pastor of the East Portland church, recently returned from conducting a successful series of meetings at Carrollton, Cowlitz County, and the organization of a church there is contemplated in the near future. After a short stay in East Portland, Mr. Boyd will leave to hold a series of meetings at Corvallis.”