(1) "Now BEFORE the feast of the Passover, Jesus knowing that His hour was come that He should depart out of this world unto the Father, having loved His own that were in the world, He loved them unto the end. (2) And during supper, the devil having already put into the heart of Judas Iscariot, Simon's son, to betray Him, (3) Jesus, knowing that the Father had given all things into His hands, and that He came forth from God, and goeth unto God, (4) riseth from supper, and layeth aside His garments; and He took a towel, and girded Himself. (5) Then He poureth water into the basin, and began to wash the disciples' feet, and to wipe them with the towel wherewith He was girded. (6) So He cometh to Simon Peter. He saith unto Him, Lord, dost Thou wash my feet? (7) Jesus answered and said unto him, What I do thou knowest not now; but thou shalt understand hereafter. (8) Peter saith unto Him, Thou shalt never wash my feet. Jesus answered Him, If I wash thee not, thou hast no part with Me. (9) Simon Peter saith unto Him, Lord, not my feet only, but also my hands and my head. (10) Jesus saith to him, He that is bathed needeth not save to wash his feet, but is clean every whit; and ye are clean but not all. (11) For He knew him that should betray Him; therefore said He, Ye are not all clean.
(12) "So when He had washed their feet, and taken His garments, and sat down again, He said unto them, Know ye what I have done to you? (13) Ye call Me, Teacher, and Lord; and ye say well; for so I am. (14) If I then, the Lord and the Teacher, have washed your feet, ye also ought to wash one another's feet."
Golden Text.—"By love serve one another." Gal. 5:13.
SUGGESTIVE QUESTIONS.
(1) What is said of the knowledge of Jesus, at the time of His last Passover? What is said of His unfailing love? Verse 1. Note 1. (2) Whom had Satan influenced to betray Christ? Verse 2. Note 2. (3) What did Jesus know concerning His own mission and destiny? Verse 3. (4) What peculiar action is noted in verse 4? Note 3. (5) What further action is described? Verse 5. Note 4. (6) What particular disciple is here mentioned? What did he say to Jesus? Verse 6. Note 5. (7) How did Jesus reply to Peter? Verse 7. Note 6. (8) What positive declaration did Peter then express? What startling reply did Jesus make? Verse 8. Note 7. (9) Then how did Peter modify his position? Verse 9. Note 8. (10) What further explanation did Jesus make? Verse 10. Note 9. (11) Why had Jesus said they were not all clean? Verse 11. (12) After washing the disciples' feet, what position did He resume? What question did He ask? Verse 12. Note 10. (13) How did the disciples usually address, or speak of, Jesus? What did He say of their doing so? Verse 13. (14) Then what duty did Jesus impress upon His followers? Verse 14. Note 11.
NOTES.
1. At the baptism of Jesus, the Holy Spirit descended upon Him, and "abode upon Him." From that time forth He was especially led and taught by the Spirit. There was no limit to the endowment, for the Spirit was not given by measure unto Him. Therefore Jesus knew when the time had come for Him to leave this world, and go to the Father. But the fact that He was going to a position of eternal glory and majesty did not affect His love for the poor, erring disciples whom He had been striving to instruct, but who had been so slow to learn. "He loved them to the uttermost" (R.V. margin). No change of position—from high to low, or from low to high—can affect infinite love.
2. The purpose to betray Christ did not come to Judas suddenly on that night. Evidently he had contemplated such an act from the time of his rebuke at the supper given in Bethany, when Mary anointed the feet of Jesus. After the resurrection of Lazarus, the Jews had determined to destroy Jesus, and Judas had conceived the idea that now was his opportunity not only to make a little money, but to retaliate for his own humiliation.
3. In addition to the knowledge Jesus had of the characteristics and future needs of His disciples there was here an untoward strife among them as to which of them would be greatest (Luke 22:24). So Jesus took advantage of this occurrence to institute an object-lesson, which should be a continual memorial of the fact that He, their Lord, had been among men as one that served others (verses 26, 27; Matt. 20:28).
4. The minute details given in verses 4 and 5 show that the ceremony was designed to be perpetuated; otherwise they would be superfluous.
5. Verse 6 would imply that Jesus had washed the feet of some of the other disciples before coming to Peter and this had given him time to reflect on this very humiliating position of the Master in presence of those who should be His servants.
6. Verse 7 shows further evidence that the ordinance there instituted was to be a permanent institution; for as they should engage thereafter in its celebration they would understand its significance.
7. Peter's positive declaration, "Thou shalt never wash my feet," is hardly to be construed as indicating a rebellious spirit but rather that he could not bear to see his Lord so humbled before him.
8. Peter's real sentiment of devotion to his Master is indicated in verse 9, where he expresses a readiness to submit to any amount of washing, rather than to be alienated from the cause he had espoused.
9. "He that is washed," etc. We gain a clearer idea of it when we read it in the revisions, which take account of the different Greek words used for "wash." Louo, to wash the whole body, bathe; and nipto, to wash a part of the body. He that is washed (bathed) needeth not save to wash his feet. The daily use of the bath, and especially the scrupulous bathing at the Passover, rendered it needless to wash as a matter of cleanliness.
But we must not conclude that Jesus was washing the feet of the disciples because they needed cleansing. Such a precaution at such a time would not have been felt until they had taken their positions at the table. The expression, "Ye are clean, but not all," shows that Jesus was simply using the body and feet of the individual as an illustration, and that it was the body of His little church that was not all clean. And this thought is emphasized in verse 11.
10. The Greek of the word "sat," in verse 12, means "reclined," as was the custom at table.
11. The instruction in verse 14, that the disciples ought to do as their Lord and Master had done, is made even stronger in the verse following it in the lesson chapter: "I have given you an example, that ye should do as I have done to you." No ordinance of Scripture is more emphatically enjoined, or more explicitly detailed as to mode, than that which commemorates the humble life of Christ. And He evidently knew that a weak and wayward people would always need to be reminded of their Lord's humble example.
OUR WORK AND WORKERS.
By Editor
FIVE members were recently added to the church at Mount Olivet, Ind., under the labors of Brother F. M. Roberts.
FOUR persons have accepted the faith at Senjen, Minn., under the labors of Brethren E. M. Chapman and Geo. L. Budd.
THE brethren at Herman, Minn., have lately organized a Sabbath-school of twenty-five members, a number of whom are recent adherents to the truth.
AFTER more than forty years of active missionary life, Sister Amelia Shireman, wife of Brother D. T. Shireman, died at Hildebran, N. C., March 24, of cancer of the stomach, in the sixty-sixth year of her age.
A RECENT visitor at our office for a few days was Brother W. D. Salisbury, manager of the Echo Publishing Company, our denominational publishing house at Melbourne, Australia. Brother Salisbury is on his way to Washington, to attend the General Conference in May.
SABBATH, April 1, was an occasion of gratification to the brethren and sisters at Oakland, Cal., where they were privileged to celebrate all the ordinances of the Lord's house. Two candidates were baptized just before engaging in the ordinances of humility and the Lord's Supper. There was a good attendance on this occasion.
WRITING from Kingston, Jamaica, in December, Brother J. B. Beckner reported that the Port Antonio church had been dedicated the month before, and they hoped to dedicate two other churches soon. These would bring the number up to six churches that were completed during the year. Brother Beckner says, "The brethren who have done the work have truly made sacrifices."
SCANDINAVIA, Manitoba, is a scattered colony of about one hundred families of Swedish, Norwegian, and Danish people. Brother J. C. Christiansen is now engaged in labor there, and reports finding five Sabbath-keepers in the colony, who have rendered him needed assistance. A branch of the Canadian Northern Railroad is being built from Neepawa to Alberta, through parts of Assiniboia and Saskatchewan.
FROM a report of labor at Berrien Springs, Mich., by Brethren W. E. Videto and R. C. Horton, in the Herald, we cull this paragraph: "Our meeting continues here with good interest. The attendance runs from sixty to two hundred. Two prominent members of the Methodist Church have taken their stand with us and are keeping the Sabbath of the Lord. They applied for letters from the Methodist Church and they have been granted. They are happy in the Lord and praising Him for the truth which is so precious to them."
THE General Conference to be held at Tacoma Park, Washington, D. C., will be a very important event in the history of our work. Weighty matters pertaining to every branch of the work will require consideration, and the prayers of the brethren everywhere are essential, to the end that the spirit of wisdom, harmony, and devotion to the cause may prevail. The time of the conference is set for May 11-30. It will be a representative gathering from all quarters of the globe. The proceeding will be published exclusively in the Review, 222 N. Capitol Street, Washington, D. C. 50 cents for three months. Send orders immediately.
FROM Cuba, Brother J. M. Clark writes: "It is going to be far more difficult to give the message to Cuba because of the delay. Every year increases the difficulty. While the sea breezes, good drainage, and sanitation in the cities have helped to make this a very healthful island, the enormous use of tobacco by both sexes from early life, the fried foods, and strong drinks, make sickness much more common among the Cubans than among the Americans. While the majority of the people are Catholics, few attend church or care very much about religious matters. There are good openings for schools and sanitariums. Many hundreds continue to come."
BROTHER G. A. IRWIN, president of Australasian Union Conference, spoke to the Mountain View church in our office chapel Sabbath and Sunday evening, April 1 and 2, giving a quite elaborate account of his recent voyage from Australia to Singapore, to Hongkong and Canton, China, and via Manila and Honolulu to San Francisco. He gathered considerable information concerning the millions of people in that vast region who know not the Lord. This will be reported to the General Conference at Washington, and will itself be a strong appeal for more aggressive work in that field. He noted the fact that labor among the natives in those numerous islands, crude as is their condition, gives as good and as permanent results as that bestowed upon the white race in other fields. It must be remembered, however, that appeals for laborers to the General Conference or mission board will be of little avail unless these bodies are backed by the wills and means of the brethren at large. The people must make the responses to these Macedonian cries, else they can not be answered in a very substantial manner.
THE ATONEMENT.—An examination of the remedial system in the light of nature and revelation By J. H. Waggoner. This work is a critical and exhaustive treatise on the plan of salvation as revealed in the Scriptures, showing its harmony with the principles of justice and mercy, its consistency with reason, and its final results as affecting the destiny of the human race. Third edition, revised and enlarged, 368 pp. Cloth. Sent post-paid for 50 cents.
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Sabbath-School Lesson Quarterly
By Editor
The Sabbath-school lessons have been discontinued. The Lesson Quarterly may be obtained, containing three months' lessons and notes, for five cents. Address, Pacific Press, Mountain View, Cal. The Sunday-school lessons will continue.
DIALOGUE ON SMOKING.
Charles.—Do you remember teacher telling us to avoid three bad things?
George.—Yes; he said it was bad to take strong drink, bad to swear, bad to smoke.
Charles.—Is it fair to put the three together like that?
George.—They often do go together in practise. Do you know a drinker who does not both swear and smoke?
Charles.—I can't say I do; but smoking is not so bad as swearing or drinking.
George.—O, no! Losing a shilling is not so bad as losing a pound; but it is bad, for all that.
Charles.—What makes you think it bad of a lad to smoke?
George.—Well, it costs money; and when a thing costs money, it should be good for something. What is the good of a boy smoking?
Charles.—Don't you think it looks manly?
George.—I don't think it does! The practise of sucking through a tube belongs to babies rather than to men. It is childish to go back to that after you have grown up, even tho you draw smoke instead of milk through the tube.
Charles.—But you would not call a cigaret a tube?
George.—Yes, it is; just a paper tube filled with tobacco scraps, mixed often with scraps of rubbish.
Charles.—O, now! a cigaret is a very innocent affair.
George.—No, it is not! It is about the most hurtful kind of smoking you can try.
Charles.—Why, what harm is there in it?
George.—Well, I can't quite explain, but those who ought to know—doctors and other learned men—tell us it is bad in every way for boys to smoke at all, and, worst of all, to smoke cigarets.
Charles.—In what way would it harm us?
George.—Many ways. I find one great doctor saying: The poison of the tobacco gets into the blood; another says it injures the heart; another, that it weakens the sight; another that it hurts the nerves, often even helps to bring on paralysis; and other doctors tell us it is bad for the brain, and is one cause of insanity.
Charles.—Stop, stop! bad for the heart, bad for the blood, bad for the sight, bad for the nerves, bad for the brain? That's an awful character to give it. May not all these grand doctors be mistaken?
George.—Not likely; others than doctors tell much the same story. Many employers now will not engage a boy who smokes.
Charles.—If the boy can do his work, I don't see why the master should interfere with the boy's own affairs.
George.—Well, the masters say the smoking interferes with their business; and that the boy who smokes does not work so smartly or so well, as the boys who do not smoke. In one of the newspapers lately, there was an advertisement for a "sharp, intelligent, honest, and obliging lad," but all boys who smoked cigarets were told not to apply.
Charles.—Well, but what if I don't need to apply for a situation, and am able to live as a gentleman?
George.—To my thinking it is no more gentlemanly than manly to smoke.
Charles.—Why?
George.—Well, a gentleman will never needlessly annoy others, and the stench of tobacco is very offensive to many people.
Charles.—But I would not smoke in presence of those who disliked the smell; that would be selfish and ungentlemanly.
George.—Ah! but one who smokes is scarcely ever free from the smell!
Charles.—Enough, enough! I give in. If it is neither manly nor gentlemanly, neither safe nor profitable, to smoke, I'd better not begin.—Selected.
GOOD SECURITY.
"Mister, do you lend money here?" asked an earnest young voice at the office door.
The lawyer turned away from his desk, confronted a clear-eyed, poorly-dressed lad of twelve years, and studied him keenly for a minute. "Sometimes we do—on good security," he said, gravely.
The little fellow explained that he had a chance "to buy out a boy that's cryin' papers." He had half the money required, but he needed to borrow the other fifteen cents.
"What security can you offer?" asked the lawyer.
The boy's brown hand sought his pocket, and drew out a paper, carefully folded in a bit of calico. It was a cheaply-printed pledge against the use of intoxicating liquors and tobacco. As respectfully as if it had been the deed to a farm, the lawyer examined it, accepted it, and handed over the required sum.
A friend, who had watched the transaction with silent amusement, laughed as the young borrower departed.
"You think I know nothing about him?" smiled the lawyer. "I know that he came manfully, in what he supposed to be a business way, and tried to negotiate a loan, instead of begging the money. I know that he has been under good influences, or he would not have signed that pledge, and that he does not hold it lightly, or he would not have cared for it so carefully. I agree with him, that one who keeps himself from such things has a character to offer as security."—Exchange.
WIRELESS TELEGRAPHY.
By Maidie E. Barnitz
BY MAIDIE E. BARNITZ.
A SINGLE word sent out upon its way
Through endless space, unheralded, alone,
That through that far extent some waiting ear
May catch the impulse of its uttered tone.
The universe accords to Thine own will,
Nor doubt each whispered word of all shall be,
Re-echoed onward by an endless Power,
Which is in all the one reality.
Then, through each aspect of the day, fear not
To take this service in the larger way,
And deeper draw through a more full accord;
O waiting one, lift up thy heart and pray.
Berkeley, Cal.
A LITTLE CHILD SHALL LEAD THEM.
"MAMA!" said a little yellow-haired fellow of four summers, "Mama! I wish God hadn't made yions, and tigers, and bears."
"Why, my boy?"
"Because," continued this young reasoner of the golden curls, "because they are kuel, and kill yambs, and sheep, and yittle childyen yike Flora and me—I don't yike animals that kill and eat each other, and I do wish that God had not made them."
"But," replied the mother, "little Harry must remember that the time will come when 'the wolf also shall dwell with the lamb, and the leopard shall lie down with the kid; and the calf and the young lion and the fatling together; and a little child shall lead them.' The time is coming when the wild animals will no longer hunt flesh and blood for their prey, for the Scriptures say that, 'the lion shall eat straw like the ox.'"
Then, at these words, up stood Flora, a little girl of six. The word had evidently been spoken which opened the fountain of her heart, and her tongue was unloosed. The sense of justice and right often seems stronger in children than in grown men and women.
"Mama!" she said, "if the time is coming when wild animals will not kill and eat, but will feed like cows and sheep, on corn and grass, then, mama, we ought not to eat beef and mutton."
The child said no more, but the mother was struck with her little girl's words.
How dense some of us are! She had not, herself, noticed the drift the argument was taking. She saw not, till now, that when we pray, "Thy kingdom come," that prayer includes man's conversion to a bloodless diet, quite as much as it includes the wolf's conversion from its ferocious habits and life of cruelty, to a life of gentleness and peace.
What a pity it would be if the wolf should lose its taste for blood before man loses his!—Selected.
LIVING IN GOD'S TIME.
A number of years ago, Frances E. Willard made a temperance address in Boston. During her stay in the city, a young man happened to call upon Wendell Phillips, who entertained him until late in the night telling of the old abolitionist days, and showing him relics of their struggle. As the young man rose to depart, he said to Mr. Phillips:
"Mr. Phillips, I think if I had lived in your time, I would have been heroic, too."
Mr. Phillips, who had gone to the door with his caller, pointed to the saloons down the street, and his voice was keen with indignation.
"Young man," he said, "you are living in my time, and God's time. Did you hear Frances Willard last night? Be assured that no man could have been heroic then, who is not heroic now. Good-night."
TEA AND COFFEE A CAUSE OF RHEUMATISM.
Dr. J. C. Walton, in a very sensible article on the prophylaxis and treatment of uric-acid conditions, published in the Charlotte Medical Journal for April, 1904, mentions a case of rheumatism in which, notwithstanding rigid diet and thorough-going treatment, no improvement was noticed until after the patient gave up his coffee, when the disease promptly subsided. The doctor states that he has observed a number of similar cases. This is quite in accord with Haig's theory that theine or caffeine produces the same pernicious effect in the body that uric acid does. The doctor has observed excellent results from the use of hot air and other sweating procedures, followed by a gradual cold bath.—Australasian Good Health.
THE NEWEST METAL.
PARTICULARS are out regarding the new metal discovered by the Tuscan engineers, Trayaglini and Fabiani. The discoverers have given it the name radium argentiferum. The metal is composed of copper, iron, and infinitesimal portions of silver, radium, and phosphorus. The chief secret, it is said, lies in the phosphorus. It is claimed by the patentees that radium argentiferum is stronger than steel, does not oxidize, is a better conductor than copper, and can be manufactured in large quantities at one-tenth the cost of bronze. Therefore, they expect that it will be largely used in making cannon, munitions, etc., and that it will supersede copper in electric wires.—American Inventor.
PERSEVERANCE OF ANTS.
ONE summer a country house was so overrun by ants that the owner, after destroying a large ant-hill near the house, and collecting the numerous pupae for poultry feed, laid sticky fly-paper before the door of the house, in such a manner that the ants could not enter without crossing it. In the morning he found his poultry feed gone and the fly-paper covered with it, over which the ants had passed "dry shod." The ant-hill had also been rebuilt during the night.
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You need to know how to manage your lamps to have comfort with them at small cost. Better read my Index; I send it free.
MACBETH, Pittsburgh.
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NOT FOR THE DEAD.
DEATH is an enemy, called by the Scriptures "the last enemy." The grave, where the dead loved ones lie, is called by the Scriptures "the land of the enemy."
But to the Christian, there need be no fear. It is not a "bourne whence no traveler ever returned." It is not a tent whose "door never outward swings." Such it is to the hopeless. Such it is, so far as any power of man, or of the whole world, is concerned. But to the Christian it is no longer an unexplored land. Jesus Christ, the Conquering King, has passed through it; and, more, He brought from its dark depths a "multitude of captives" (Eph. 4:8) as a pledge that He will bring all the captives of the enemy home. He has made of death a sleep. Therefore, in the beautiful poem of Canon Bell—
Not for the dead, O Lord, we weep,
Untroubled is their rest, and deep;
For them why should we mourn or sigh?
'Neath quiet graves in peace they lie.
"Thou givest Thy beloved sleep."
For tempted souls, for wandering sheep,
For those whose path is rough and steep,
For these we lift our voice on high,
Not for the dead.
For all who 'neath sore burdens creep,
Who sow the wind, the whirlwind reap,
Who lonely watch the days go by—
For hearts that bleed while eyes are dry,
For such, O Lord, our tears we keep;
Not for the dead.
NEVER WAS THERE A TIME
By Editor
WHEN events, occurring with unprecedented rapidity, were as ominous as now. We see everywhere about us the things named in the list below:
Apostasy and Confusion in the Religious World,
Prevalence of Religious Vagaries,
Recrudescence of Ancient Mysticisms,
Revival and Dominance of Romanism,
Present-Day Evolution and Combination of Wealth,
Venality and Corruption of the Political World,
Venality of the Commercial World,
Greed Poisons the Fountains of Justice,
The Ubiquity of Graft,
Extremes of Opulence and Poverty,
Lawlessness of Capital,
Lawlessness of Labor,
Industrial Federation and Strife,
Oppressors Reap the Whirlwind,
Greed and the Social Vice,
In the Lap of Luxury,
Prevalence of Crime,
"The Nations Were Angry,"
Signs in Nature.
None of them are hidden in a corner. What do they all mean? What will the end be? What is their effect upon society, upon the state, upon the church?
The Signs of the Times will, in this present volume, undertake to tell its readers, from reason and Revelation, the prevalence of these things, how deep-rooted they are, and what they signify.
A special series of articles will be written on these subjects by Prof. G. W. Rine. Those who have read the articles by Professor Rine on Capital and Labor know how thoroughly and forcibly he dealt with that subject. These, we are sure, will be equally good.
Now is a good time to renew your own subscription, if need be; and, better still, to secure your neighbor's. The articles will begin soon.
SIGNS OF THE TIMES
By Editor
MOUNTAIN VIEW, CAL., APRIL 19, 1905.
We send no papers from this office to individuals without pay in advance. When persons receive copies without ordering them, they are sent by other parties, and we can give no information in regard to them. Persons thus receiving copies of the "Signs" are not indebted to the office, and will not be called upon to pay for them. Please read the papers you may receive, and hand them to your friends to read.
Our authority is the Bible, the Holy Scriptures of the Old and New Testaments. When the Common (King James) Version, the Revised Version, or the American Standard Revised Version is used, quotations will not be designated in reference. Any Bible quotation in this paper, therefore, differing from the Common Version, unless otherwise indicated, will be from one of the two revised versions, usually the American Standard.
